BRAIN DEVELPMENT IN AUTISM

自闭症患者的大脑发育

• 批准号: 7551709
• 负责人: STEPHEN R DAGER
• 金额: $ 23.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-26 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7551709
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; 4 year old; Accounting; Age; Age-Months; Age-Years; Amygdaloid structure; Anatomy; Aspartate; Autistic Disorder; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Birth; Birth Records; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Cerebellum; Cerebral hemisphere; Cerebrum; Chemicals; Chemistry; Child; Choline; Clinical; Compatible; Creatine; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Developmental Process; Diagnosis; Disease; Early Intervention; Ethnic Origin; Exhibits; Gender; Goals; Gray unit of radiation dose; Growth; Head; Head circumference; Height; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual Differences; Inositol; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Language; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medial; Medical Records; Methodology; Neurocognitive; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Pattern; Postpartum Period; Protons; Rate; Relative (related person); Relaxation; Research; Sampling; Severities; Social Functioning; Structure; Study Section; Symptoms; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Tissues; Variant; Weight; Work; autism spectrum disorder; base; brain morphology; cohort; comparison group; neurochemistry; neuropsychological; postnatal; prognostic; response; social; social skills; spectroscopic imaging; time interval; two-dimensional; white matter

Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that 3-4 year-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have cerebral enlargement, as well as proportional enlargement of subcortical regions (cerebellum, hippocampi and amygdalae), compared to age-matched children with developmental delay (DD) and typical development (ID). Children with strictly defined autistic disorder (AD) showed enlargement of the amygdalae, in excess of overall cerebral enlargement. From the same groups of children, proton echoplanar spectroscopic imaging (PEPSI) revealed widespread regional decreases in brain neurochemical concentrations and abnormal metabolite relaxation in the ASD children relative to controls, indicative of abnormal celluiar composition. These findings demonstrate abnormal brain developmental processes in autism by 3-4 years of age. In the proposed STAART Center research, we aim to increase our understanding of abnormalities in early brain development by conducting brain imaging research with children with AD at the earliest age it is currently possible to diagnose this disorder. We propose to characterize brain structure and tissue-based neurochemistry in forty-eight 18-24 month-old children with AD and matched comparison groups of 25 children with DD and TD. In the AD group, we will relate brain structural and chemical findings taken at 18-24 months to neurocognitive and symptom measures taken at 18-24 months and later at 4 years of age. Furthermore, based on repeated measures of head circumference obtained retrospectively from birth to 18-24 months, and prospectively from 18-24 month to 4 years, the early developmental course of head growth in autism will be examined.

我们的实验室的先前工作表明，与具有发育迟缓的年龄匹配的儿童相比，3-4岁的自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患有脑增大，以及皮层下区域（小脑，Hippocampi和Amygdalae）的比例扩大，与具有发育迟缓的年龄匹配的儿童（DD）和典型发育（ID）相比。严格定义的自闭症（AD）的儿童表现出杏仁核的增大，超出了整体脑增大。从相同的儿童组中，质子回声光谱成像（PEPSI）显示，相对于对照组，ASD儿童的脑神经化学浓度和异常代谢物弛豫的区域广泛降低，表明异常细胞组成。这些发现表明，自闭症患者的脑发育异常在3-4岁之间。 在拟议的Staart中心研究中，我们旨在通过与最早的AD儿童进行大脑成像研究来提高对早期大脑发育异常的了解，目前有可能诊断这种疾病。我们建议在48个月大的AD和匹配的25名DD和TD儿童的比较组中表征大脑结构和基于组织的神经化学。在AD组中，我们将将18-24个月的大脑结构和化学发现与神经认知和症状度量相关，并在18-24个月和4岁时采取的症状度量。 此外，基于从出生到18-24个月回顾性获得的头圆的重复度量，从18-24个月到4年，将检查自闭症的早期发展过程。