STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL BRAIN IMAGING OF AUTISM

自闭症的脑结构和化学成像

• 批准号: 7292337
• 负责人: STEPHEN R DAGER
• 金额: $ 46.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-06 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7292337
• 关键词: 4 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Age-Months; Age-Years; Area; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological; Birth; Brain; Brain imaging; Cell Nucleus; Cerebrum; Chemicals; Child; Choline; Clinical; Corpus Callosum; Creatine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Deceleration; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Diagnosis; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Environment; Exhibits; Facility Construction Funding Category; Gender; Genetic Models; Glutamates; Goals; Growth; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; Impaired cognition; Infant; Infant Behavior; Inositol; Lateral; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetism; Maps; Measures; Medial; Metabolism; Methods; Modeling; N-acetylaspartate; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Process; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Marker; Sampling; Screening procedure; Seizures; Severities; Shapes; Siblings; Structure; Symptoms; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; autism spectrum disorder; base; cognitive function; cohort; genetic risk factor; gray matter; improved; indexing; magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging; neural circuit; programs; skill acquisition; skills; social; white matter

The overall UW ACE theme centers on a comprehensive developmental model of risk, risk processes, symptom emergence, and adaptation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). According to this model, genetic risk factors influence brain development which leads to risk processes, namely altered patterns of interaction between the child and his/her environment, which further contribute to the abnormal development of neural circuitry and subsequent behavior. Project IV has two aims: (1) We seek to identify early manifestations of abnormal brain development in ASD: that is, variations in brain development that influence risk for the development of ASD. Twelve-month old infant siblings of children with autism, and comparison non-risk infants, will be studied using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), and relationships between brain measures and clinical course and symptom onset will be examined. Early detection of autism via biological risk markers offers the promise of presymptomatic diagnosis and, ultimately, of disease-modifying medications or behavioral intervention that can be used early in the disease process and during the presymptomatic period. (2) We plan to study children entering adolescence in order to identify brain developmental changes that may be related to onset seizure and behavioral decline during the adolescent period. We will conduct MRI and MRSI studies on a sample of 13- 14 yr old adolescents with ASD who have been previously imaged at 3-4 and 6 and 9-10 years of age, and matched comparison samples of children with developmental delay and typical development. This study will allow us to understand the relationship between variations in brain development and longer-term clinical outcome, focusing on adolescent seizure onset and cognitive decline. This project directly addresses goals outlined in the NIH Autism Research Matrix, including (1) identification of biological risk indices for the development of autism and autism-related symptoms in infants, and (2) developmental time course characterized for alterations in brain structures and connections in autism.

UW ACE 的整体主题以风险、风险流程、 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的症状出现和适应。根据这个模型，遗传 风险因素影响大脑发育，从而导致风险过程，即相互作用模式的改变 孩子和他/她的环境之间的差距，进一步导致神经系统的异常发育。 电路和后续行为。项目 IV 有两个目标：(1) 我们寻求识别早期表现 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中的大脑发育异常：即影响自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 风险的大脑发育变化 ASD 的发展。自闭症儿童 12 个月大的婴儿兄弟姐妹，以及无风险比较 婴儿，将使用磁共振成像（MRI）和磁共振波谱进行研究 成像（MRSI），以及大脑测量与临床过程和症状发作之间的关系 检查了。通过生物风险标记对自闭症进行早期检测为症状前诊断提供了希望 诊断以及最终可以早期使用的缓解疾病药物或行为干预 在疾病过程中和症状前期。 (2)我们计划研究进入的孩子 青春期，以确定可能与癫痫发作和相关的大脑发育变化 青少年时期的行为下降。我们将对 13 名样本进行 MRI 和 MRSI 研究 之前曾在 3-4 岁、6 岁和 9-10 岁时接受过影像学检查的 14 岁患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 青少年，以及 匹配发育迟缓和典型发育儿童的比较样本。这项研究将 让我们了解大脑发育变化与长期临床之间的关系 结果，重点关注青少年癫痫发作和认知能力下降。该项目直接解决目标 NIH 自闭症研究矩阵中概述，包括 (1) 确定自闭症的生物风险指数 婴儿自闭症和自闭症相关症状的发展，以及（2）发育时间进程 以自闭症患者大脑结构和连接的改变为特征。