Completion of a major critical edition of hybrid Hindu-Muslim Baul songs of Bengal, with annotation, commentaries and discussion.

完成孟加拉印度教-穆斯林混合鲍尔歌曲的主要评论版本，附有注释、评论和讨论。

• 批准号: AH/E004415/1
• 负责人: Jeanne Openshaw
• 金额: $ 3.32万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FE004415%2F1
• 关键词: Completion; major; critical; edition; hybrid

Bauls are recruited from both Hindu and Muslim communities of West Bengal (India) and Bangladesh. In the course of the last century, they attained iconic status as representatives of 'Eastern spirituality', both within their own countries and more recently on a global level. Their popularity is based on their beautiful and often enigmatic songs. My proposal is to produce a critical edition of Baul songs, with English translation, annotations, commentaries and discussion, for scholars and general readers. In theory, people of any religion, class or gender may become Baul, but most are recruited from rural, poor communities. As a result, their songs are typically transmitted orally, although many have been transcribed by scholars and other writers. In turn, collections have been published in their original Bengali or translated into various languages. However these publications have many failings. For example, they usually lack any background details, either about the composer (his life, lineage etc.), or the person from whom the song was collected. Translated versions normally omit the original Bengali version of the songs, or even any reference to a source for these. All this renders them virtually useless from a scholarly point of view. The proposed critical edition is intended to rectify these deficiencies, by retaining the original Bengali versions of the songs, and by providing details of their social, historical and cultural context. It will therefore be of value as a scholarly tool.. The volume will largely be based on two unique manuscript sources. Along with other materials, these feature the songs of two composers, Raj Khyapa (written in his own hand) and Lalan Sai (written by a literate disciple). Songs composed by disciples in their lineages, predominantly Hindu and Muslim respectively, will also be included. The proposed volume follows logically from earlier work by myself and my co-author, Dr S.N. Jha, a specialist on Muslim Bauls and their songs. My forthcoming monograph, 'Writing the self...' examines the life and philosophy of Raj Khyapa, using the autobiographical portion of his manuscript. Dr Jha has written a Bengali monograph on Lalan Sai's life, philosophy and songs, based on the second manuscript mentioned above. Together we possess an unparalleled expertise in this field. Earlier editions of Baul songs tended to privilege the selection and interpretation of songs of the editor or collector, over that of the composer or singer. As a result, elite, 'spiritualised' readings of the songs have been emphasised. Interpretations have been made along increasingly separate 'Hindu' and 'Muslim' lines, in India and Bangladesh respectively. Moreover, the critique of religious authorities and ideologies, of sectarianism and traditional gender relations, contained in many songs, has been obscured. It is this kind of song and interpretation which will be highlighted in the proposed critical edition. Whether they come from Muslim or Hindu communities, Bauls tend to share common values. They emphasise the importance of the human being, rather than one's own religious or social group, and of individual experience over the teachings of religious texts or authorities. These, they claim, divide person from person. Similarly, they also challenge the traditional devaluation of women. The contemporary 'clash of civilisations' in effect replicates on a global level long-term problems of religious 'communal' division in South Asia. Nowadays Islam in particular is widely thought to be a monolithic, 'fundamentalist' faith. Highlighting alternative, humanistic and gender-equal traditions from within Islam and Hinduism is essential at this time, in order to counteract propaganda that such values are peculiar to 'Western' culture, and therefore to be resisted by Muslims, Hindus etc. The proposed publication aims to disseminate these alternative, yet traditional values outside Bengal.

Bauls是从西孟加拉（印度）和孟加拉国的印度教和穆斯林社区招募的。在上个世纪，他们在自己的国家和最近在全球范围内获得了“东方精神”代表的标志性地位。他们的流行是基于他们美丽的，往往是神秘的歌曲。我的建议是为学者和普通读者制作一本鲍尔歌曲的评论版，并附有英文翻译、注释、评论和讨论。从理论上讲，任何宗教、阶级或性别的人都可能成为鲍尔人，但大多数人都是从农村贫困社区招募的。因此，他们的歌曲通常是口头传播的，尽管许多已经被学者和其他作家转录。反过来，这些作品集也以孟加拉文原文出版或翻译成各种语文。然而，这些出版物有许多缺点。例如，他们通常缺乏任何背景细节，要么是关于作曲家（他的生活，血统等），也不知道是从谁那里收集的翻译版本通常省略了歌曲的孟加拉语原版，甚至没有提到这些歌曲的来源。从学术的角度来看，这一切使它们几乎毫无用处。拟议的评论版旨在纠正这些缺陷，保留歌曲的孟加拉语原版，并提供其社会，历史和文化背景的细节。因此，它将作为一个学术工具的价值。该卷将主要基于两个独特的手稿来源。沿着其他材料，这些功能的歌曲两个作曲家，拉吉Khyapa（写在他自己的手）和拉兰赛（写的一个识字的弟子）。歌曲组成的弟子在他们的血统，主要是印度教和穆斯林分别，也将包括在内。这本书是我和我的合著者S.N.博士早期工作的逻辑继承。Jha是穆斯林Bauls及其歌曲的专家。我即将出版的专著《书写自我》“审查的生活和哲学拉吉Khyapa，使用他的手稿自传部分。Jha博士根据上面提到的第二份手稿，写了一本关于Lalan Sai的生活、哲学和歌曲的孟加拉语专著。我们在这一领域拥有无与伦比的专业知识。早期版本的鲍尔歌曲倾向于优先选择和解释的歌曲的编辑或收藏家，而不是作曲家或歌手。因此，精英，“精神化”的歌曲阅读已被强调。在印度和孟加拉国，分别沿着沿着越来越分离的“印度教”和“穆斯林”路线进行解释。此外，许多歌曲中对宗教权威和意识形态、宗派主义和传统性别关系的批评被掩盖。正是这种歌曲和诠释将在拟议的批判版中得到强调。无论他们来自穆斯林还是印度教社区，鲍尔人往往有着共同的价值观。他们强调人的重要性，而不是一个人自己的宗教或社会团体，以及个人经验对宗教文本或权威的教义。他们声称，这些把人与人分开。同样，她们也对传统上贬低妇女的观点提出了挑战。当代的“文明冲突”实际上在全球层面上复制了南亚宗教“社区”分裂的长期问题。如今，伊斯兰教尤其被广泛认为是一个单一的，“原教旨主义”的信仰。目前，突出伊斯兰教和印度教中的另类、人道主义和性别平等传统至关重要，以抵制宣传这些价值观是“西方”文化所特有的，因此会受到穆斯林、印度教徒等的抵制。