Separation of Sr-90 and Ca2+ in Enviromental Samples

环境样品中 Sr-90 和 Ca2 的分离

• 批准号: 7256467
• 负责人: ALAN J CISAR
• 金额: $ 41.3万
• 依托单位: LYNNTECH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2009-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7256467
• 关键词: Acids; Affinity; Area; Body Water; Calcium; Calcium ion; Chalk; Chemicals; Condition; Connecticut; Decontamination; Department of Energy; Development; Drug Formulations; Effectiveness; Environment; Environmental Engineering technology; Environmental sludge; Equipment and supply inventories; Food Chain; Goals; Half-Life; Health; Health Hazards; Human; Idaho; Immigration; Ion Exchange; Ions; Isotopes; Laboratories; Language; Life; Liquid substance; Location; Methods; Motion; Nuclear; Nuclear Power Plants; Nuclear Weapon; Pacific Northwest; Phase; Plants; Public Health; Pump; Qualifying; Radioactive; Radioisotopes; Research Personnel; Reservations; Rivers; Safety; Sampling; Siberia; Silicon; Simulate; Site; Small Business Funding Mechanisms; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Snakes; Soil; Solutions; Strontium; Strontium-90; Structure; Surface; System; Testing; Time; Tin; Ukraine; United States; Water; Water Supply; Weather; Zeolites; antimony oxide; aqueous; base; bone; cost; drinking water; ground water; improved; interest; migration; nuclear power; preference; prevent; pyrochlore; scale up; wasting; water treatment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this SBIR project is the development of an improved inorganic ion exchanger with an extremely high selectivity for Sr2+. This ion exchanger will improve the extraction of 90Sr from groundwater at the sites around the US and the world that have become contaminated through mishap or poor handling of nuclear materials, some of which are in contact with aquifers and bodies of water used as drinking water supplies. 90Sr is a ?-emitting isotope with an extremely low maximum safe exposure limit. (The drinking water limit is 8 pCi/L.) Development of this material will make a significant contribution to safer drinking water. In Phase I of this project we demonstrated that the substitution of SnlV and SilV for part of the SbV in the pyrochlore-structured antimonic acid (Sb2O5 4 H2O) increased both the compound's affinity for Sr+2 and its selectivity for strontium over calcium by a factor of nearly four. (A strong preference for Sr+2 is important, because the strontium is always found with a large excess of calcium.) The resulting material has a capacity for 90Sr over 200 times that of the clinoptilotile currently used to collect strontium in pump-and-treat systems. In Phase II we will refine the composition of the exchanger and scale-up the synthesis. The material will be evaluated in complete detail for use as a column material for extracting 90Sr from ground water out of the ground or as the active component in a permeable reactive barrier to block the motion of 90Sr in ground water in the ground. In plain language: Adding tin or silicon to antimonic acid greatly improves its ability to remove strontium from aqueous solutions in the presence of the very similar calcium. This makes it an excellent choice for removing radioactive strontium-90 from ground water either at the surface, or while still in the ground.

描述（由申请人提供）：该SBIR项目的目标是开发一种对Sr2+具有极高选择性的改进的无机离子交换剂。这种离子交换器将改善美国和世界各地地下水中 90Sr 的提取，这些地下水因核材料的事故或处理不当而受到污染，其中一些核材料与含水层和用作饮用水供应的水体接触。 90Sr 是一种发射 δ 的同位素，其最大安全暴露限值极低。 （饮用水限值为8 pCi/L。）这种材料的开发将为更安全的饮用水做出重大贡献。在该项目的第一阶段，我们证明用 SnIV 和 SilV 替代烧绿石结构锑酸 (Sb2O5·4 H2O) 中的部分 SbV 可以将化合物对 Sr+2 的亲和力及其对锶的选择性（相对于钙）提高近四倍。 （对 Sr+2 的强烈偏好很重要，因为锶总是含有大量过量的钙。）所得材料的 90Sr 容量是目前用于泵处理系统中收集锶的斜发沸石的 200 多倍。在第二阶段，我们将完善交换器的成分并扩大合成规模。该材料将作为从地下水中提取 90Sr 的柱材料或作为可渗透反应屏障中的活性成分以阻止 90Sr 在地下地下水中的运动进行全面详细的评估。简而言之：在锑酸中添加锡或硅可以大大提高其在存在非常相似的钙的情况下从水溶液中去除锶的能力。这使其成为从地表或地下地下水中去除放射性锶 90 的绝佳选择。