A Child's Body-Powered Prehensor with Adaptive Grasp

具有自适应抓握能力的儿童身体驱动 Prehensor

基本信息

批准号：
7218163
负责人：
BRADLEY D VEATCH
金额：
$ 45.19万
依托单位：
ADA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-09-30 至 2009-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7218163
关键词：
Activities of Daily Living Address Adopted Adult Affect Age Ankle Appearance Arts Attention Award Businesses Caliber Caring Child Client Clinic Clinical Colorado Condition Conduct Clinical Trials Congenital Abnormality Contracts Cosmetics Cost Savings Creativeness Daily Development Device Designs Devices Digit structure Disease Documentation Educational Curriculum Electrochemistry Employee Strikes Engineering Ensure Equilibrium Equipment Evaluation Exertion Family Feedback Fingers Funding Goals Grant Hand Hospitals Human Resources Human Volunteers Individual Informed Consent Injury Joint structure of shoulder region Knowledge Laboratories Leadership Learning Left Legal Legal patent Marketing Mechanics Metals Motion Muscle Parents Pattern Performance Phase Play Preparation Principal Investigator Process Production Prosthesis Protocols documentation Provider Qualifying Quality of life Radioactive Range Research Research Ethics Committees Research Project Grants Resources Self-Help Devices Services Small Business Innovation Research Grant Staging Surface System Technical Expertise Technology Testing Time Translating United States National Institutes of Health Upper Extremity Validation Woman Work base commercialization comparative cost design desire disability grasp human subject improved innovation manufacturing process men model design orthotics programs prototype research clinical testing size skills success time use tool virtual volunteer

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Conventional body-powered assistive appliances intended to help children having upper limb deficiencies have proven inadequate for some activities, most notably play. The critical component in these systems that contributes grasp functionality, called a prehensor or terminal device, must strike a balance between functionality for activities children wish to accomplish and cosmesis for parents who desire their child have a normal appearance. Parents most often select more cosmetic devices designed to mimic the anatomical hand, while studies have shown children prefer devices that are more functional. Those who do select more functional devices often find existing units offer disappointing or inadequate performance for play activities as they require too much cable excursion or operate inefficiently and demand too much cable tension to effect grasp. These problems leave many children without an acceptable device at precisely the time they should be learning lifelong prosthetics usage skills. In Phase I, ADA demonstrated the technical feasibility of a prehensor designed specifically for children's daily activities. An adaptive digit was designed that provides the enclosing grasp children primarily use as opposed to high-force pinching grasp common for adults. Also included was a Variable Mechanical Advantage (VMA) grasping engine that efficiently transforms cable excursion and tension into quality, stable grasp. This engine significantly improves the ratio of grip force achieved to the input cable tension (called the forward force ratio, FFR). ADA's prototype achieved a maximum FFR of 0.78, as compared to current devices which average an FFR of 0.2. The end result is that children can achieve higher levels of gripping force with less physical exertion, freeing them to do what they desire most-play. This Phase II effort will focus on refining the proven Phase I prototype design to 1) minimize its commercial manufacturing cost to benefit families of limited means and 2) validate its performance in actual service with children users. To gain commercial acceptance, additional features such as passive holding capacity and improved cosmesis will be incorporated. ADA will work with practicing prosthetists in the Shriners Hospital network through the design phase and into clinical evaluations. By partnering with Shriners, ADA will establish an early, working relationship with the nation's leading provider of child's prosthetic care and equipment. Throughout, ADA will maintain focus on commercial viability by constantly working with outside partners to ensure satisfying children's grasping needs remain central to the effort and in crisp focus. If successful, the Phase II effort will produce a child's prehensor that is functionally superior to all currently available conventional prehensors. To ensure success with parents as well as children, ADA will include market-driven cosmetic features in addition to adaptive grasp, VMA, and passive holding capability. The Phase II effort will leverage this technology to create an entity that will be attractive to Phase III investors. Due to the small market size, children with upper limb deficiencies are made to get by with prosthetics not suited to their special needs. This research seeks to develop a functional prehensor designed specifically to outperform available devices in both daily use and cosmetic acceptance.

描述（由申请人提供）：旨在帮助患有上肢缺陷的儿童的常规助力辅助设备证明某些活动不足，最著名的是玩。这些系统中有助于掌握功能的关键组成部分，称为镜头或终端设备，必须在儿童希望完成的活动和愿意自己的孩子正常外表的父母的活动的功能之间取得平衡。父母通常会选择旨在模仿解剖学手的更多美容设备，而研究表明孩子更喜欢更具功能的设备。那些确实选择更多功能设备的人通常会发现现有单元为游戏活动提供令人失望或不足的性能，因为他们需要过多的电缆游览或效率低下，并且需要过多的电缆张力以实现掌握。这些问题使许多孩子在应该学习终身假体使用技能的时间上没有可接受的设备。在第一阶段，ADA展示了专门针对儿童日常活动设计的预审计器的技术可行性。设计了一个自适应数字，该数字提供了主要使用的封闭抓地力儿童，而不是成年人常见的高强度夹紧。还包括可变的机械优势（VMA）握把发动机，可有效地将电缆的偏移和张力转化为质量，稳定的掌握。该发动机显着提高了达到输入电缆张力的握力比（称为向前力比）。与平均FFR为0.2的当前设备相比，ADA的原型达到了0.78的最大FFR。最终结果是，儿童可以通过减少身体的努力来实现更高水平的抓地力，从而使他们释放他们最想做的事情。这二阶段的工作将着重于完善验证的I期原型设计，以最大程度地降低其商业制造成本，以使有限含量的家庭受益，并2）验证其在儿童用户实际服务中的绩效。为了获得商业认可，还将纳入其他功能，例如被动保持能力和改善的化合物。 ADA将通过设计阶段和临床评估与Shriners医院网络中的实践假肢合作。通过与Shriners合作，ADA将与国家领先的假肢和设备提供早期的工作关系。在整个过程中，ADA将通过不断与外部合作伙伴合作以确保满足儿童的掌握需求仍然是努力和重点关注的核心。如果成功的话，第二阶段的工作将产生儿童的预镜头，该预镜在功能上优于当前所有可用的常规预启动器。为了确保父母和孩子的成功，ADA除自适应掌握，VMA和被动保持能力外，还将包括市场驱动的化妆品功能。第二阶段的努力将利用这项技术来创建一个对III期投资者有吸引力的实体。由于市场规模较小，因此具有上肢缺陷的儿童可以通过不适合其特殊需求的假肢来获得。这项研究旨在开发一种专门设计的功能性预镜，以胜过每日使用和化妆品接受的设备。