Study of genomic instability caused by HPV16 E6 and E7

描述（由申请人提供）：基因组不稳定，导致多倍体/非整倍体细胞，是侵袭性癌症的标志，包括头颈部癌症。侵袭性癌细胞中染色体数目异常是由于细胞周期调控缺失，导致检查点缺失，有丝分裂出现问题。人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在头颈癌的病因学中起着重要作用，我们已经证明来自HPV 16型的E6和E7，一种通常与这些癌症相关的病毒，会导致人类上皮细胞的多倍体/非整倍体。利用微阵列比较表达E6和E7的上皮细胞与对照细胞，我们发现了一些参与G2到M阶段转变的基因，这些基因不受这些病毒蛋白的调控。这些病毒基因导致染色体异常的事实表明，研究它们的作用机制，可能对其他非hpv诱导的癌症有更广泛的意义。首先，我们建议确定表达E6/ e7的细胞中有丝分裂/细胞分裂的哪个部分受到影响。其次，研究肿瘤抑制因子、p53和视网膜母细胞瘤家族在G2/M转变中的控制作用。第三，确定特异性G2和m期基因是如何被E6和E7激活的；第四，利用微阵列阐明HPV阳性和阴性头颈癌之间是否存在不同的表达模式。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Genomic instability, resulting in polyploid/ aneuploid cells, is a hallmark of invasive cancers, including those of the head and neck. The presence abnormal numbers of chromosomes in invasive cancer cells is due to loss of cell cycle regulation, resulting in lost of checkpoints and problems at mitosis. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) play a significant role in the etiological of head and neck cancers and we have shown that E6 and E7 from HPV type 16, a virus commonly associated with these cancers, cause polyploidy/ aneuploidy in human epithelial cells. Using microarrays comparing epithelial cells expressing E6 and E7 to control cells, we have found a number of genes involved in the G2 to M phase transition that are deregulated by these viral proteins. The fact that these viral genes cause chromosomal abnormalities suggests that studying their mechanisms of action, may have wider implications for other non-HPV induced cancers. We propose, firstly, to determine what part of mitosis/ cytokinesis is affected in E6/E7-expressing cells. Secondly, investigate the role played by the tumor suppressors, p53 and the retinoblastoma family in the control of G2/M transition. Thirdly, determine how specific G2 and M-phase genes are activated by E6 and E7 and fourthly elucidate, using microarrays, if there are different expression patterns between HPV positive and negative head and neck cancers.