Scale-free olfactory-driven foraging

无鳞嗅觉驱动的觅食

• 批准号: BB/D007453/1
• 负责人: Andrew Reynolds
• 金额: $ 14.62万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FD007453%2F1
• 关键词: Scale; free; olfactory; driven; foraging

Scent plumes form when the wind disperses scent molecules from their source. Many species of insects can follow scent plumes to their sources to find mates or distant resources. The pheromones of many important pest species and semiochemicals that mediate such insect behaviour have now been identified, synthesized, and formulated for use in pest-management schemes and are used widely in traps for population monitoring. However, despite considerable research semiochemicals have not been universally successful in these applications. This is, in part, because the detailed understanding of scent dispersal which underlies the inter-play between sources and distributions of scent, atmospheric conditions and pest behaviour responses remains largely unknown. This proposal will address this shortcoming by formulating and validate new mathematical models for the scent concentration experienced by insects flying within scent plumes. This is a considerable challenege because scent concentrations exhibit a complex, chaotically evolving structure over a broad range of spatial and temporal scales. Indeed, fluctuations in scent concentrations are amongst the most extreme form of flcutuations found in Nature. These new mathematical models of scent concentration will be combined with models of insect response and used to predict insect movement patterns. It is hypothesised that the observed complexity of insect foraging patterns arises from naive insect responses to the complex patterns in scent concentrations. This constrasts with the widely held notion that the complex behaviour of insects has, through the process of evolution, resulted in optimal or advantageous searching strategies. The model will then be used in parallel with future experimentation to provide a better understanding of other aspects of chemical ecology and pest-management. The model could, for example, be used to assess the extent to which the individual components of attractive pheromones and other semiochemicals can mediate the earliest behaviours in source location, such as locking onto a plume, and later behaviours, such as landing or courtship. The model could also be used to determine the effective extent of traps and relate trap counts to densities of airborne population--a problem of considerable practical importance for population monitoring because trap counts often do not corelate well densities.

当风从源头驱散气味分子时，气味羽流就形成了。许多种类的昆虫可以跟随气味羽流找到它们的来源，以寻找配偶或遥远的资源。许多重要害虫物种的信息素和调节这种昆虫行为的信息化学物质现在已经被识别、合成和配制用于害虫管理方案，并被广泛用于种群监测的陷阱中。然而，尽管进行了大量的研究，但信号化学品在这些应用中并不是普遍成功的。这在一定程度上是因为，对气味传播的详细了解--气味来源和分布、大气条件和害虫行为反应之间的相互作用--在很大程度上仍不清楚。这项提案将通过制定和验证昆虫在气味羽流中飞行所经历的气味浓度的新数学模型来解决这一缺点。这是一个相当大的挑战，因为气味浓度在广泛的空间和时间尺度上显示出复杂的、混乱的演变结构。事实上，气味浓度的波动是自然界中最极端的波动形式之一。这些新的气味浓度数学模型将与昆虫反应模型结合起来，用于预测昆虫的运动模式。据推测，观察到的昆虫觅食模式的复杂性源于昆虫对气味浓度复杂模式的幼稚反应。这与普遍存在的一种观念相矛盾，即昆虫的复杂行为在进化过程中产生了最佳或有利的搜索策略。然后，该模型将与未来的实验并行使用，以更好地了解化学生态学和虫害管理的其他方面。例如，该模型可以用来评估诱人的信息素和其他信号化学物质的单独成分在多大程度上能够调节源头位置的早期行为，如锁定羽流，以及后来的行为，如着陆或求爱。该模型还可用来确定诱捕器的有效范围，并将诱捕器计数与空中人口密度联系起来--这是一个对人口监测具有相当重要实际意义的问题，因为诱捕器计数往往不能很好地关联密度。

项目成果

Avoidance of conspecific odour by carabid beetles: a mechanism for the emergence of scale-free searching patterns

• DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.04.004
• 发表时间: 2008-09-01
• 期刊: ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Guy, Adam G.;Bohan, David A.;Reynolds, Andrew M.
• 通讯作者: Reynolds, Andrew M.

Free-flight odor tracking in Drosophila is consistent with an optimal intermittent scale-free search.

果蝇中的自由飞行气味跟踪与最佳间歇性无标度搜索一致。

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000354
• 发表时间: 2007-04-04
• 期刊: PLOS ONE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Reynolds, Andy M.;Frye, Mark A.
• 通讯作者: Frye, Mark A.

Dissipation conditioned stochastic modeling of scalar concentration fluctuations in turbulent flows

湍流中标量浓度涨落的耗散条件随机模型

• DOI: 10.1063/1.2747681
• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Physics of Fluids
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Reynolds A