Evaluation and prediction of butterfly flight patterns over field scales

现场尺度蝴蝶飞行模式的评估和预测

• 批准号: BB/E010695/1
• 负责人: Andrew Reynolds
• 金额: $ 37.99万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FE010695%2F1
• 关键词: Evaluation; prediction; butterfly; flight; patterns

With the advent of harmonic radar it has become possible to monitor and record the flight patterns of individual insects over landscape scales (up to several hundred metres). These experiments have revolutionised our understanding of the flight patterns honeybees, bumblebees and moths. Honeybees caught at feeders and then displaced have been shown to adopt an optimal searching strategy when seeking the hive location. This optimal searching strategy is also adopted by bumblebees when they first leave the nest in search of forage. Male moths adopt an entirely different searching strategy when locating sexual partners. When they detect the scent from sex pheromone released by a female moth they fly in an upwind direct in search of its source. The results of a preliminary analysis suggest that butterflies fly upwind in response to floral scent from clusters of flowers and then locate individual flowers within a cluster by employing of an optimal searching strategy. The behaviour characteristics of butterflies may therefore provide an intriguing bridge between the behaviour characteristics of bees and moths. The analysis is based on the flight patterns of just ten butterflies and an idealised theory of searching. The proposed research will substantiate the preliminary study by monitoring the flight patterns of many butterflies and by developing new theories of searching that account explicitly for the influence of 'flight guides', such as dense tree-lines that are known to be used by butterflies. This new research will lead to a better understanding of insect flight patterns over field scales and will result in a validated, predictive theory of these flight patterns. This has important ramifications for the understanding and prediction of plant pollination and insect populations.

随着谐波雷达的出现，监测和记录单个昆虫在景观尺度（高达几百米）上的飞行模式已经成为可能。这些实验彻底改变了我们对蜜蜂、大黄蜂和飞蛾飞行模式的理解。蜜蜂在喂食器捕获，然后流离失所已被证明采取最佳搜索策略时，寻求蜂巢的位置。这种最佳搜索策略也被熊蜂在第一次离开巢穴寻找食物时采用。雄蛾在寻找性伴侣时采用完全不同的搜索策略。当它们探测到雌蛾释放的性信息素的气味时，它们会逆风飞行，寻找气味的来源。初步分析的结果表明，蝴蝶逆风飞行响应花香从集群的花朵，然后找到一个集群内的最佳搜索策略，通过采用单个花。因此，蝴蝶的行为特征可能在蜜蜂和飞蛾的行为特征之间提供了一个有趣的桥梁。这项分析是基于十只蝴蝶的飞行模式和理想化的搜索理论。拟议中的研究将通过监测许多蝴蝶的飞行模式和发展新的搜索理论来证实初步研究，这些理论明确地解释了“飞行指南”的影响，例如已知蝴蝶使用的密集树线。这项新的研究将导致更好地了解昆虫的飞行模式在现场规模，并将导致这些飞行模式的验证，预测理论。这对于理解和预测植物授粉和昆虫种群具有重要意义。

项目成果

Adaptive Lévy walks can outperform composite Brownian walks in non-destructive random searching scenarios

在非破坏性随机搜索场景中，自适应 Lévy 游走的性能优于复合布朗游走

• DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2008.11.007
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
• 作者: Reynolds A