HEAVY METALS IN HYPERACUMULATOR PLANTS

超累积植物中的重金属

• 批准号: 7369155
• 负责人: ANA MIJOVILOVICH
• 金额: $ 1.33万
• 依托单位: ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7369155
• 关键词: HEAVY; METALS; HYPERACUMULATOR; PLANTS

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Heavy metal uptake in plants is not only an important basic research area, but also has an impact on human nutrition and its application for the phytoremediation of contaminated soils as well as for the commercial extraction of metals from naturally metal-rich soils otherwise unsuitable for conventional mining operations. These plants are able to accumulate several percent of metals in the dry mass of their above-ground parts. The unusual physiology of these plants is a topic of intensive worldwide research efforts, being the speciation of the metals inside the plant one of the presently most interesting research topics. In a recent study (K¿pper et al., 2004) in tissues where the epidermis comprises the largest tissue volume (e.g. leaves), mainly weak oxygen ligands were found. In other tissues, a significant proportion of the ligands were strong ligands (sulphur ligands for cadmium and histidine for zinc). The planned project shall elucidate, by directly measuring EXAFS of individual selected cells of various functions, in frozen-hydrated samples, whether these differences between tissues really originate from a different speciation of the metal in specific cell types. This knowledge would reveal if different tissues, or cells with different function in the same tissue, may need a different strategy of protection from heavy metal toxicity. Such differences have been assumed but so far were never investigated. Preliminary studies in July 2004 pointed out problems and solutions regarding the resolution needed for a future successful completion of these experiments.

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。植物对重金属的吸收不仅是一个重要的基础研究领域，而且对人类营养及其在污染土壤的植物修复以及从不适合常规采矿作业的天然富金属土壤中商业提取金属方面的应用产生影响。这些植物能够在其地上部分的干物质中积累百分之几的金属。这些植物的不寻常的生理学是世界范围内广泛研究的主题，植物内金属的形态是目前最有趣的研究课题之一。在最近的一项研究中（K UNK pper等人，2004）在表皮包含最大组织体积的组织（例如叶）中，主要发现弱氧配体。在其它组织中，显著比例的配体是强配体（镉的硫配体和锌的组氨酸）。计划中的项目将通过直接测量冷冻水化样品中具有各种功能的个别选定细胞的EXAFS，阐明组织之间的这些差异是否真的源于特定细胞类型中金属的不同形态。这一知识将揭示不同的组织或同一组织中具有不同功能的细胞是否需要不同的保护策略来对抗重金属毒性。这种差异是假定的，但迄今为止从未进行过调查。2004年7月的初步研究指出了今后成功完成这些试验所需解决的问题和解决办法。