Physiology and genetics of food procurement in rodents

啮齿动物食物采购的生理学和遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
7416751
负责人：
NEIL Edward ROWLAND
金额：
$ 17.98万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-08-15 至 2011-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7416751
关键词：
Address Affect Age American Animal Model Animal Testing Appetite Depressants Behavior Therapy Behavioral Behavioral Model Behavioral Paradigm Body Weight CNR1 gene Chronic Clinical Trials Commerce Condition Daily Dexfenfluramine Eating Economics Elasticity Environment Evolution Exercise Exhibits Female Food Future Genetic Genetic Predisposition to Disease Health Home environment Human Hyperphagia Individual Intervention Life Life Style Melanocortin 4 Receptor Modeling Molecular Abnormality Mus Mutation Numbers Obese Mice Obesity Output Pattern Performance Pharmaceutical Preparations Phenotype Physiology Price Protocols documentation Psychological reinforcement Research Personnel Rodent Satiation Serotonin Agonists Simulate Testing Thinking Time Week Weight Gain Weight-Loss Drugs Work Workload cannabinoid receptor consumption measures cost day feeding male novel obesity treatment prospective response rimonabant size willingness

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Overeating and obesity are significant health problems for Americans of all ages. The proposed studies will examine, in mice of normal and obese genetic backgrounds, the effects of imposing economic costs (lever presses) on food intake and patterns of eating. Additionally, we will examine whether prospective appetite suppressant drugs become more effective under conditions of selectively imposed economic costs. Both human and animal models point to multiple causes of obesity, including genetic predispositions to gain weight, ready availability of highly caloric foods, and reduced everyday exercise. Animal models have been instrumental in understanding genetic abnormalities that produce obesity but these models have been tested almost exclusively in environments in which there is no cost associated with obtaining food. In contrast, the evolution of abilities to procure and utilize food in hard times has been critical. It is important to develop and test animal protocols in which the effect of effort on food procurement and consumption are measured, and also to assess the effect of potential treatments in these protocols. Specifically, the protocols that we will use are "closed economy" in which mice must obtain all of their food in that environment. The first aim is to examine in outbred ICR:CD1 mice whether several types of economic cost, simulated by lever pressing as a fixed price (ratio), as a premeal foraging or procurement cost, or as an incrementing cost during the meal (progressive ratio) affect meal patterns. The latter two types of cost are predicted to have opposite effects on meal parameters, so we will also test their combination and develop a brief or streamlined protocol for future testing. The second aim, using the streamlined closed economy protocol, is to test whether mice either heterozygous or homozygous for genetic deletion of melanocortin 4 receptor deletion exhibit altered meal patterns or elasticity of food demand compared with wild type controls. The third aim, again using the streamlined protocol and outbred CD1 mice, is to examine whether chronic treatment with putative anorectic agents affect economic food choices. The agents to be studied are serotonergic agonist dexfenfluramine and the cannabinoid receptor antagonist rimonabant. The proposed studies will be the first to address the issue of behavioral change induced by anorectics under such conditions of simulated economic costs.

描述（由申请人提供）：暴饮暴食和肥胖是所有年龄段的美国人的重大健康问题。拟议的研究将在正常和肥胖的遗传背景的小鼠中检查施加经济成本（杠杆压力）对食物摄入和饮食方式的影响。此外，我们将研究在有选择强加的经济成本条件下，潜在的食欲抑制药物是否更有效。人类和动物模型都指出了肥胖的多种原因，包括遗传易感性，可以增加体重，现成的高热量食物以及减少日常运动。动物模型对理解产生肥胖症的遗传异常具有重要作用，但是这些模型几乎仅在与获取食物没有成本相关的环境中进行了测试。相反，在艰难时期采购和利用食物的能力的演变至关重要。开发和测试动物方案非常重要，在这些方案中，努力对食物采购和消费的影响进行衡量，并评估这些方案中潜在治疗的影响。具体而言，我们将使用的协议是“封闭经济”，其中小鼠必须在这种环境中获得所有食物。第一个目的是检查杂种ICR：CD1小鼠，无论是由杠杆按以固定价格（比率）而模拟的几种类型的经济成本，作为预先觅食或采购成本，还是在进餐期间（渐进式比率）的增加成本影响餐食。预测后两种成本对餐参数有相反的影响，因此我们还将测试它们的组合并制定简短或简化的协议以进行未来测试。使用简化的封闭经济方案的第二个目的是测试针对黑色素皮质素4受体缺失的杂合性或纯合子的小鼠，与野生型控制相比，杂合蛋白4受体4受体缺失表现出改变的饮食模式或食物需求的弹性。第三个目标再次使用简化的方案和杂种CD1小鼠，是检查采用假定的厌食症剂的慢性治疗是否会影响经济食品的选择。要研究的药物是血清素能激动剂右氟胺和大麻素受体拮抗剂rimonabant。拟议的研究将是第一个解决在这种模拟经济成本条件下由厌食症引起的行为变化问题的问题。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（14）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Action of a serotonergic anorectic in meal-fed mice working for food.

血清素能厌食剂在进食小鼠中的作用。

DOI：
10.1097/fbp.0b013e3283566a79
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
Behavioural pharmacology
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Rowland,NeilE;Robertson,KimberlyL;Cadiz,EmiliaM;Kenney,Jessica;Kwiatkowski,Veronica
通讯作者：
Kwiatkowski,Veronica

Effect of serotonergic anorectics on food intake and induction of Fos in brain of mice with disruption of melanocortin 3 and/or 4 receptors.

DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2010.03.008
发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Rowland, Neil E.;Fakhar, Kaihan J.;Robertson, Kimberly L.;Haskell-Luevano, Carrie
通讯作者：
Haskell-Luevano, Carrie

Effects of meal frequency and snacking on food demand in mice.