Diet, Activity, Obesity & The Built Environment Dynamics

越来越多的人呼吁采取全人口的环境/政策干预措施，以改善饮食和体力活动模式。这项拟议的纵向研究将把受访者当时的地理位置与饮食相关(例如，食品购物和饮食选择)和与活动相关(例如，娱乐、社区设计)建立的环境变量与包括高质量饮食和体力活动数据在内的特殊数据集中的数据联系起来。我们专注于青壮年和中年时期，这在成人肥胖的病因学中似乎是重要的。我们通过青年冠状动脉风险发展研究(CARDIA)和5,000名青年研究，研究了成年后稳定进入劳动力大军期间成年人体重的变化。我们专注于18-30岁的早期成人期和38-50岁之前的20年变化。一个关键的组成部分是了解这些环境因素与健康差距的关系。 我们将使用复杂的纵向和空间分析模型来探索建筑环境和饮食摄入模式之间的关系。其中一个内容将是居民的自我选择，随着学者们试图了解环境如何影响健康行为，这个问题越来越受到关注。我们将研究这些影响中的种族/民族差异，以及建筑环境随时间和生命周期变化的影响。我们还将研究这些饮食和活动行为如何反过来影响体重动态和肥胖事件，并研究建筑环境和 体重增加和偶发肥胖的病因。 重点将放在研究可改变的建筑环境因素如何影响肥胖的关键直接决定因素(饮食和活动)，进而影响体重动态和肥胖症。一个中心问题是确定可改变的环境因素，这些因素可能会缩小种族和社会经济健康状况的差异。

There is an increasing call for population-wide environmental/policy interventions to improve dietary and physical activity patterns. This proposed longitudinal study will link contemporaneous geographic locations of respondents with diet-related (e.g., food shopping and eating options) and activity-related (e.g., recreation, community design) built environment variables to data from an exceptional dataset including quality diet and physical activity data. We focus on the young and middle adult periods which appear to be important in the etiology of adult obesity. We examine adult weight change during the period of stabilization into the work force followed into mid-adulthood with the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study [CARDIA] >5,000 young adults. We focus on shifts between the early adult period of ages 18-30 years and 20-year changes up to ages 38-50. A critical component is to see how these environmental factors relate to health disparities. We will use complex longitudinal and spatial analytical models to explore relationships between the built environment and dietary intake patterns. One element addressed will be residential self-selection, an issue of increasing concern as scholars attempt to understand how the environment affects health behaviors. We will examine race/ethnic differentials in these effects and the impact of the built environment shifts over time and through the lifecycle. We will also study how these dietary and activity behaviors, in turn, affect weight dynamics and incident obesity and also examine direct relationships between the built environment and the etiology of weight gain and incident obesity. The focus will be on examining how modifiable built environmental factors will affect the key proximate determinants of obesity (diet and activity) and in turn affect weight dynamics and obesity. A central issue is determining modifiable environment factors that may reduce ethnic and socioeconomic differentials in health status.