MEAL-RELATED CHANGES IN GUT HORMONES IN LEAN AND OBESE CHILDREN

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Obesity has become a pandemic, with more than 1 billion people affected worldwide. More than 30% of children in the United States are now overweight or obese, which has led to an increase in the incidence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes in the pediatric population. In the last decade, much has been learned about the neuroendocrine control of appetite and weight, especially the signaling pathways between adipose tissue and the brain. More recently, studies have shown that hormones secreted by the intestine, such as ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY), have important roles in energy balance by providing signals to the hypothalamus about hunger and satiety. Most of these studies have been done in adults, with only limited information available in children. Even less is known about the roles of other intestinal hormones in appetite regulation in children, such as pancreatic polypeptide (PP), cholecytokinin (CCK), and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). We therefore propose to evaluate these hormone levels in a group of lean and obese children in order to improve our understanding of how appetite and energy balance are regulated.