Characterisation of a secretory P-type ATPase required for fungal pathogenesis and induction of host defence

真菌发病机制和诱导宿主防御所需的分泌型 P 型 ATP 酶的表征

• 批准号: BB/E005195/1
• 负责人: Nicholas Talbot
• 金额: $ 39.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FE005195%2F1
• 关键词: Characterisation; secretory; type; ATPase; required

The world's most serious diseases of plants are caused by fungi. These diseases affect many of the crops we depend on for food, such as wheat, rice, barley, potatoes, and important fruits and vegetables. To control crop diseases, farmers currently plant new crop varieties which have been selectively bred to be disease-resistant, or spray their crops with modern systemic fungicides. Neither of these control measures are completely effective, however. Disease-resistant crop varieties are normally overcome by disease within 2-3 growing seasons, and fungicides are expensive, can be environmentally damaging, and fungi tend to develop resistance to new chemicals very quickly. Because of these problems, we need to think of new ways to control plant diseases. These new disease-control measures will have to be environmentally safe, economically viable and above all, highly effective. To develop new disease-control strategies for curing plant diseases, we first need to understand the biology of the fungal agents that cause plant diseases. This project is concerned with understanding the biology of rice blast disease, which destroys enough rice every year to feed 60 million people. The aim of research n my laboratory is to understand this disease and the fungus that causes it and to develop control strategies to fight the disease. The thread-like cells formed by the fungus that causes rice blast are very effective at colonising plant tissues and can do so without the plant immune system being immediately activated. When fungal pathogens invade living plant tissue, we believe that they secrete proteins that help them to evade the plant's defences, alter plant cell signalling, and subvert plant metabolism. Identifying these fungal proteins, and understanding the process of fungal secretion during rice blast disease, are important aims of this project. If we can understand the fungal secretory process and how it functions during plant infection and induction of the plant's defence reactions, then this will provide a means of potentially controlling the spread of the disease

世界上最严重的植物疾病是由真菌引起的。这些疾病影响我们赖以为生的许多作物，如小麦、水稻、大麦、土豆以及重要的水果和蔬菜。为了控制作物疾病，农民们现在种植新的作物品种，这些品种经过选择性培育，具有抗病能力，或者向作物喷洒现代系统杀菌剂。然而，这两种控制措施都不是完全有效的。抗病作物品种通常会在2-3个生长季节内被病害征服，杀菌剂价格昂贵，可能对环境造成破坏，真菌往往会很快对新化学品产生抗药性。由于存在这些问题，我们需要思考控制植物病害的新方法。这些新的疾病控制措施必须在环境上安全，在经济上可行，最重要的是高度有效。为了制定新的植物病害防治策略，我们首先需要了解引起植物病害的真菌制剂的生物学特性。该项目旨在了解稻瘟病的生物学，稻瘟病每年摧毁的水稻足以养活6000万人。我实验室的研究目的是了解这种疾病和引起这种疾病的真菌，并制定控制策略来对抗这种疾病。引起稻瘟病的真菌形成的线状细胞非常有效地在植物组织中定植，并且可以在不立即激活植物免疫系统的情况下这样做。当真菌病原体侵入活的植物组织时，我们认为它们会分泌蛋白质，帮助它们逃避植物的防御，改变植物细胞信号，并破坏植物的代谢。鉴定这些真菌蛋白，了解真菌在稻瘟病发病过程中的分泌过程，是本项目的重要目标。如果我们能够了解真菌的分泌过程，以及它在植物感染和诱导植物防御反应过程中的作用，那么这将提供一种潜在的控制疾病传播的方法