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What are the signals that allow the correct differentiation of neoblast stem cells during planarian regeneration?

在真涡虫再生过程中，哪些信号可以使新生细胞干细胞正确分化？

基本信息

批准号：
BB/E01030X/1
负责人：
Aziz Aboobaker
金额：
$ 51.83万
依托单位：
University of Nottingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FE01030X%2F1
关键词：
What signals allow correct differentiation

项目摘要

Studying the biology of simple animals has been, and continues to be, invaluable to the understanding of human biology. We kno wthat simple animals (such as flies and worms) use the same basic genes and molecules that humans use for controlling many different biological processes. Their unusual biology makes them ideal subjects for studying certain basic aspects of our own biology. Simple animals have shorter lifecycles, allowing faster progress than in more complex animals. Additionally, simple animals are amenable to experimental approaches that are inappropriate and unethical in complex animals (particularly humans!). In this study, a planarian worm will be used to understand the basic biology of stem cells. Stem cells are cells that retain the ability to become lots of different types of cell such as nerve, muscle or skin cells. Adult planarians are unusual in that they contain a large number of stem cells which are capable of giving rise to every other cell type in the worm. For example experiments at the beginning of the last century showed that if a planarian is cut into small pieces, these prsence of adult stem cells will allow each piece of the worm to regenerate into a whole new, albeit smaller, worm. Growing a new head, arm or leg is something humans obviously can't do. But we do have cells that have some capacity to generate other cell types when they are needed, for example in response to cuts or bruises we are able to heal and replace damaged cells. The intention of this research is to understand how the planarian worm's stem cells are able to divide and give rise to the right cells at the right place in the new worm. If we can understand this process we may be closer to understanding our own capacity to regenerate lost or damaged cells. This type of research is particularly important for understanding diseases in which cells have been lost or damaged and new cells are needed (such as Alzheimers), or for diseases like leukemia where our own stem cells go haywire and produce too quickly or produce the wrong type of cells. The fact that so many bioogical processes are shared between simple animals and that we have developed exoerimental tools to study the in detail an animal that uses stem cells so extensively during its life course is an exciting opportunity to increase our basic understanding of stem cell biology.

研究简单动物的生物学一直是，并将继续是，对人类生物学的理解是无价的。我们知道，简单的动物（如苍蝇和蠕虫）使用与人类相同的基本基因和分子来控制许多不同的生物过程。它们不同寻常的生物学特性使它们成为研究我们自身生物学某些基本方面的理想对象。简单动物的生命周期较短，因此比复杂动物的进化速度更快。此外，简单的动物可以接受在复杂动物（尤其是人类！）身上不合适和不道德的实验方法。在这项研究中，涡虫将被用来了解干细胞的基本生物学。干细胞是一种保留分化为多种不同类型细胞的能力的细胞，如神经细胞、肌肉细胞或皮肤细胞。成年涡虫是不寻常的，因为它们含有大量的干细胞，这些干细胞能够在蠕虫中产生任何其他类型的细胞。例如，上世纪初的实验表明，如果将涡虫切成小块，这些成体干细胞的存在将使每一块蠕虫再生成一个全新的蠕虫，尽管更小。长出新的头部、手臂或腿显然是人类无法做到的。但是我们的细胞确实有能力在需要的时候产生其他类型的细胞，例如，在割伤或擦伤的情况下，我们能够治愈和替换受损的细胞。这项研究的目的是了解涡虫的干细胞如何能够分裂，并在新蠕虫的正确位置产生正确的细胞。如果我们能够理解这个过程，我们可能就更接近于理解我们自身再生丢失或受损细胞的能力。这种类型的研究对于理解细胞丢失或受损，需要新细胞的疾病（如阿尔茨海默氏症），或者像白血病这样的疾病，我们自己的干细胞失控，产生过快或产生错误类型的细胞，尤其重要。如此多的生物过程在简单的动物之间共享，而且我们已经开发出实验工具来详细研究在其生命过程中广泛使用干细胞的动物，这是一个令人兴奋的机会，可以增加我们对干细胞生物学的基本了解。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Combining classical and molecular approaches elaborates on the complexity of mechanisms underpinning anterior regeneration.

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0027927
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
PloS one
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Evans DJ;Owlarn S;Tejada Romero B;Chen C;Aboobaker AA
通讯作者：
Aboobaker AA

The nematode story: Hox gene loss and rapid evolution.

线虫的故事：Hox 基因丢失和快速进化。

DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4419-6673-5_7
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Aboobaker A
通讯作者：
Aboobaker A

A dual platform approach to transcript discovery for the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea to establish RNAseq for stem cell and regeneration biology.

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0015617
发表时间：
2010-12-14
期刊：
PloS one
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Blythe MJ;Kao D;Malla S;Rowsell J;Wilson R;Evans D;Jowett J;Hall A;Lemay V;Lam S;Aboobaker AA
通讯作者：
Aboobaker AA