POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是育龄妇女最常见的内分泌疾病。这些患者的临床表现包括不孕、月经不规律、肥胖和多毛。高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗被认为在这种疾病的发病机制中起着关键作用，并有助于发展为2型糖尿病（DM）、高血压和动脉粥样硬化性脂质谱的风险。高胰岛素血症-胰岛素抵抗也与内皮功能障碍有关。几项研究估计，多囊卵巢综合征患者发生冠状动脉和脑血管粥样硬化并发症的风险增加了4到5倍。胰岛素增敏剂如二甲双胍加或不加促排卵剂克罗米芬可促进这些患者的排卵和恢复月经规律。最近的数据表明，二甲双胍可以逆转2型糖尿病患者的内皮功能障碍。然而，这些药物改善PCOS女性内皮功能障碍和心血管风险升高的潜力尚未得到系统评估。这些研究人员假设多囊卵巢综合征的女性有潜在的内皮功能障碍，胰岛素增敏剂如二甲双胍可以潜在地逆转这类患者的内皮功能障碍。他们正在研究PCOS对导管和阻力血管内皮功能的体内影响，随后研究二甲双胍治疗对该队列患者血管功能的影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The clinical presentation of these patients includes infertility, irregular menses, obesity and hirsutism. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin-resistance is thought to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of this condition and contributes to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension and an atherogenic lipid profile. Hyperinsulinemia - insulin resistance is also known to be associated with endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have estimated the PCOS patients are at a four to five fold increased risk for development of complications of coronary and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. Insulin-sensitizing agents like metformin with or without ovulation inducing agent - clomiphene have been shown to promote ovulation and restore menstrual regularity in these patients. Recent data indicate that metformin reverses endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 DM. However, the potential for these drugs to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction and the elevated cardiovascular risk in women with PCOS has not been systematically evaluated. These investigators hypothesize that women with PCOS have underlying endothelial dysfunction and that insulin-sensitizing agents like metformin can potentially reverse endothelial dysfunction in this patient population. They are investigating the in vivo effects of PCOS on both conduit and resistance vessel endothelial function, and thereafter study the effects of metformin treatment on vascular function in this cohort of patients.