POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是育龄妇女最常见的内分泌疾病。这些患者的临床表现包括不孕、月经不调、肥胖和多毛。高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗被认为在这种疾病的发病机制中起关键作用，并导致发生2型糖尿病（DM）、高血压和致动脉粥样硬化脂质谱的风险。高胰岛素血症-胰岛素抵抗也已知与内皮功能障碍有关。多项研究估计，PCOS患者发生冠状动脉和脑血管动脉粥样硬化并发症的风险增加了4至5倍。胰岛素增敏剂如二甲双胍与或不与排卵诱导剂-克罗米酚已被证明可以促进排卵，并恢复这些患者的月经规律。最近的数据表明，二甲双胍逆转2型糖尿病患者的内皮功能障碍。然而，这些药物改善内皮功能障碍和PCOS女性心血管风险升高的潜力尚未得到系统评价。 这些研究者假设PCOS患者存在潜在的内皮功能障碍，胰岛素增敏剂如二甲双胍可能逆转该患者人群的内皮功能障碍。他们正在研究PCOS对导管和阻力血管内皮功能的体内影响，然后研究二甲双胍治疗对该患者队列血管功能的影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The clinical presentation of these patients includes infertility, irregular menses, obesity and hirsutism. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin-resistance is thought to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of this condition and contributes to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension and an atherogenic lipid profile. Hyperinsulinemia - insulin resistance is also known to be associated with endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have estimated the PCOS patients are at a four to five fold increased risk for development of complications of coronary and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. Insulin-sensitizing agents like metformin with or without ovulation inducing agent - clomiphene have been shown to promote ovulation and restore menstrual regularity in these patients. Recent data indicate that metformin reverses endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 DM. However, the potential for these drugs to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction and the elevated cardiovascular risk in women with PCOS has not been systematically evaluated. These investigators hypothesize that women with PCOS have underlying endothelial dysfunction and that insulin-sensitizing agents like metformin can potentially reverse endothelial dysfunction in this patient population. They are investigating the in vivo effects of PCOS on both conduit and resistance vessel endothelial function, and thereafter study the effects of metformin treatment on vascular function in this cohort of patients.