THE BREAST AND OVARIAN SURVEILLANCE SERVICE (BOSS) COHORT STUDY

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。本研究的主要目的是建立一个有乳腺癌家族史的女性队列，以便促进早期检测技术从实验室到临床环境的转化。普通人群中20%的女性有乳腺癌阳性家族史(1)。在以人群为基础的队列中，癌症风险增加的妇女并没有得到很好的代表。特别是在这些家庭中，早期发现和预防战略的管理选择极为有限。该队列将为我们提供一个平台，通过病例对照设计来检查新的遗传、分子和环境标记/暴露与乳腺癌增加和乳腺密度增加等因素之间的关系(2)。从长远来看，我们也能够测量与预后相关的因素。对于乳腺密度的病因知之甚少，这在有乳腺癌家族史的女性中很普遍，是一个可改变的危险因素（2-5）。即使没有因果关系，乳腺密度的降低也可以提高乳房x光检查早期乳腺病变的灵敏度，这本身就是一个有用的目标。目前，它被用作II期化学预防研究的中间终点。从这个队列中产生的研究结果可以帮助我们确定与家族史一起可能改变女性乳腺密度增加和乳腺癌风险的因素。那些被认为是因果途径的因素可能会成为预防药物的目标。本研究的第二个目的是收集有卵巢癌家族史的妇女的血液和危险因素信息，以便将来的研究。其中一些女性还会有乳腺癌的家族史，并来到高危诊所。因此，这对我们来说是一个机会，在一个罕见的女性群体中建立一个血清库，这些女性也需要更好的预测标志物，以及早期发现和预防策略。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The primary aim of this study is to establish a cohort of women with a family history of breast cancer so as to facilitate the translation of early detection techniques from the lab to the clinical setting. Twenty percent of women in the general population have a positive family history of breast cancer(1). Women at an increased risk of cancer are not well represented in population-based cohorts. The management options for both early detection and preventive strategies particularly in these families are extremely limited. This cohort would provide us with a platform to examine the association between novel genetic, molecular, and environmental markers/exposures, and both increased breast cancer and factors such as increased breast density that may be in the breast causal pathway using a case-control design (2). Over the long term we will be able to also measure factors associated with prognosis. Little is known about the etiology of breast density, which is prevalent in women with a family history of breast cancer and is a modifiable risk factor (2-5). Even if it is not causally linked, a decrease in breast density can increase the sensitivity of mammographic detection of early breast lesions, a useful goal in itself. Currently it is being used as an intermediate endpoint in phase II chemoprevention studies. Results from studies arising from this cohort may assist us in identifying factors that along with family history may modify a women risk of increased breast density and breast cancer. Factors that are thought to be in the causal pathway may then be able to be targeted with preventive agents. A secondary aim of this study is to collect blood and risk factor information on women with a family history of ovarian cancer for future studies. Some of these women will also have a family history of breast cancer and come to the high-risk clinic. Therefore, this is an opportunity for us to establish a serum bank in a rare group of women who are also in need of better predictive markers as well as early detection and preventive strategies.