PROJECT 4 - DTI AND MTI STUDIES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

项目 4 - 精神分裂症的 DTI 和 MTI 研究

• 批准号: 7380528
• 负责人: KENNETH L DAVIS
• 金额: $ 2.9万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-17 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7380528
• 关键词: brain; schizophrenia; white matter

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Understanding of the neuropathology of schizophrenia has been advanced by numerous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies over the past decade, which confirms the presence of structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia, including volume alterations of the ventricles, frontal lobe, medial temporal lobe, superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobe and subcortical brain regions. The distributed pattern and number of abnormalities observed in schizophrenia are consistent with a disturbance of connectivity within and between brain regions and a white matter abnormality underlying this disturbed neural connectivity. Indeed, prefrontal grey matter volume has been highly correlated with volume reductions in the amygdala-hippocampus complex and superior temporal gyrus in the brains of schizophrenic patients. While numerous conventional MRI studies have reported grey matter abnormalities in schizophrenia, relatively few in comparison have specifically assessed and reported modest but significant white matter volume decreases in schizophrenic brains. Newer techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which allows inferences of the coherence of white matter tracts (anisotropy), and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), which provides a putative measure of myelin in the brain (magnetization transfer ratio; MTR), extend our understanding of white matter deficits from merely assessing volumetric loss to providing preliminary imaging evidence for decreased organization in white matter tracts and subtle reductions in the myelin content of schizophrenic brains. These findings are also consistent with microscopic studies revealing ultrastructural alterations of myelinated fibers from the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients. In addition, demyelinating diseases such as adolescent onset metachromatic leukodystrophy and multiple sclerosis are associated with behavioral and cognitive disturbances similar to that observed in schizophrenia. The purpose of this study is to learn more about different brain areas in people who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia.

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。在过去的十年里，大量的磁共振成像(MRI)研究促进了对精神分裂症神经病理的理解，证实了精神分裂症存在脑结构异常，包括脑室、额叶、内侧颞叶、颞上回、顶叶下叶和皮质下脑区的体积变化。在精神分裂症中观察到的异常的分布模式和数量与大脑区域内和大脑区域之间的连接障碍以及作为这种神经连接障碍的基础的白质异常是一致的。事实上，前额叶灰质体积与精神分裂症患者大脑中杏仁核-海马体复合体和颞上回的体积减少高度相关。虽然许多传统的核磁共振研究报告了精神分裂症患者的灰质异常，但相比之下，相对较少的研究专门评估和报告了精神分裂症患者大脑中适度但显著的脑白质体积减少。更新的技术，如扩散张量成像(DTI)和磁化转移成像(MTI)，可以推断白质束的一致性(各向异性)，以及磁化转移成像(MTI)，它提供了大脑中髓鞘的假定测量(磁化传输率；MTR)，将我们对白质缺陷的理解从仅仅评估体积损失扩展到提供白质束组织减少和精神分裂症脑中髓鞘含量轻微减少的初步成像证据。这些发现也与显微镜研究显示精神分裂症患者前额叶皮质有髓纤维的超微结构变化相一致。此外，脱髓鞘疾病，如青春期发作的异色性脑白质营养不良和多发性硬化症，与精神分裂症中观察到的行为和认知障碍有关。这项研究的目的是更多地了解被诊断为精神分裂症的人的不同大脑区域。