A characterisation of last order interneurons of the rodent spinal cord with specific focus on their roles in the control of locomotor activity

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It has been known since the early 1900's that networks of neurons within the mammalian spinal cord control locomotion. However, our knowledge of these neuronal networks is very limited. In order to design treatments for paralysing injuries or diseases of the spinal cord, we need to gain a better understanding of the networks of spinal neurons that control movement. This initially requires the identification of neurons which make up these networks. Following their identification we need to study the individual properties of these neurons and how it is that they connect to each other to produce the activity which controls movement. The proposed study aims to provide some of this critical information. Molecular techniques will be used to identify specific populations of neurons in the spinal cord. Using these techniques we will be able to concentrate on 'last order interneurons' which communicate directly with the neurons that send the final message to muscles to contract (motoneurons). Following their identification, last order interneurons will be studied during locomotor activity in isolated preparations of the spinal cord obtained from mice. This will enable us to investigate the roles that specific groups of last order interneurons play in the production of locomotor activity. As outlined above this information is critical toward our understanding of the neural control of movement and ultimately towards the design of treatment strategies for injury or disease which affects the spinal cord.