Dosimetry and improved targeting for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

经颅磁刺激的剂量测定和改进的靶向

• 批准号: 7514543
• 负责人: Luis Hernandez-Garcia
• 金额: $ 19.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7514543
• 关键词: Algorithms; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Brain; Brain region; Caliber; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognitive Science; Cognitive deficits; Computational algorithm; Computer Simulation; Data; Depth; Devices; Electric Stimulation; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Electromagnetic Fields; Electromagnetics; Engineering; Foundations; General Anesthesia; Generalized seizures; Goals; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Invasive; Link; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetism; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Neurons; Neurosciences; Output; Patients; Penetration; Permeability; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Positioning Attribute; Procedures; Psychiatry; Psychology; Pulse taking; Purpose; Range; Relative (related person); Research; Research Subjects; Risk; Shapes; Skin; Specificity; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Structure; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Effect; Therapeutic Human Experimentation; Time; Tissues; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Uncertainty; Validation; base; brain tissue; cingulate cortex; design; desire; dosage; dosimetry; electric field; frontal lobe; improved; interest; lens; magnetic field; new technology; novel; simulation; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a technique used to induce neuronal depolarization in specific brain regions. This is achieved simply by generating large, pulsed, electromagnetic fields with a coil probe designed for that specific purpose. These induced fields produce currents in the neuronal tissue that result in neuronal depolarization. TMS is non-invasive, quickly repeatable and the risks to the research subjects or patients are minimal. As a device that uses magnetically-induced electrical currents to modulate the brain, the advent of TMS in the clinical setting appeared to offer a more precise means of delivering current to the brain than the existing electroconvulsive therapies. While TMS has been found to hold great potential as both a research tool and a therapeutic treatment for mental illness, the technology suffers from (1) poor targeting capabilities (the stimulated areas typically include large regions where no stimulation is desired) and (2) the lack of an adequate method to quantitatively measure the actual stimulation delivered to the subject. These two issues are strongly related to each other in that, in order to improve the targeting capabilities of TMS devices, an accurate measurement of the electromagnetic fields is needed. In this proposal we aim to develop a novel methodology to map and quantify TMS induced fields using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Furthermore, we aim to develop a fast computational algorithm that will predict the stimulation fields on an individual basis. We will compare our MRI based measurements and our computational predictions for cross-validation purposes. With this framework in place, we will use the computational model in conjunction with standard engineering optimization techniques to improve the design of TMS coils and stimulation pulses. The broader objective of this proposal is to develop a more region-specific and quantifiable transcranial magnetic stimulation system. In the long term, we hope to use this technology to fully understand the therapeutic effects of TMS and thus be able to optimize therapeutic treatment parameters. An additional benefit of the improved targeting capabilities we hope to achieve will be a significant improvement in our ability to use TMS as a research tool in psychiatry and cognitive psychology.

描述(申请人提供)：经颅磁刺激(TMS)是一种用于在特定大脑区域诱导神经元去极化的技术。这只需用专门为该特定目的设计的线圈探头产生大的脉冲电磁场即可。这些感应场在神经元组织中产生电流，导致神经元去极化。TMS是非侵入性的，可快速重复，对研究对象或患者的风险最小。作为一种使用磁感应电流来调节大脑的设备，TMS在临床环境中的出现似乎提供了一种比现有的电休克疗法更精确的向大脑输送电流的方法。虽然TMS被发现作为一种研究工具和精神疾病的治疗方法具有巨大的潜力，但该技术存在以下问题：(1)靶向能力差(刺激区域通常包括不需要刺激的大片区域)和(2)缺乏足够的方法来量化向受试者提供的实际刺激。这两个问题是密切相关的，因为为了提高TMS设备的瞄准能力，需要对电磁场进行准确的测量。在这项提案中，我们的目标是开发一种新的方法来使用磁共振成像(MRI)技术来绘制和量化TMS感应场。此外，我们的目标是开发一种快速计算算法，以预测每个人的刺激场。我们将比较我们基于MRI的测量结果和我们的计算预测，以进行交叉验证。有了这个框架，我们将使用计算模型和标准的工程优化技术来改进TMS线圈和刺激脉冲的设计。这项提议的更广泛的目标是开发一种更具区域针对性和可量化的经颅磁刺激系统。从长远来看，我们希望利用这项技术来充分了解TMS的治疗效果，从而能够优化治疗参数。我们希望实现的目标定位能力改进的另一个好处是，我们将TMS用作精神病学和认知心理学研究工具的能力将显著提高。