Sensory-motor Integration in the Primate Cortex

灵长类动物皮层的感觉运动整合

• 批准号: 7391106
• 负责人: MICHAEL S GRAZIANO
• 金额: $ 20.79万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7391106
• 关键词: Aging; Air; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebral cortex; Chemicals; Code; Complex; Controlled Study; Development; Devices; Diagnosis; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Environment; Fire - disasters; Food; Frequencies; Gestures; Goals; Grant; Hand; Head Movements; Histology; Injection of therapeutic agent; Joints; Laboratories; Lesion; Limb Development; Limb structure; Location; Macaca; Maps; Measures; Methods; Monkeys; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscimol; Muscle; Neurons; Operative Surgical Procedures; Oral cavity; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Partner in relationship; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Posture; Precentral gyrus; Primates; Property; Prosthesis; Range; Research; Research Activity; Role; Safety; Sensory; Sensory Disorders; Site; Speed; Stimulus; Submersion; Tactile; Test Result; Testing; Time; Training; Trauma; Upper arm; Water; grasp; limb movement; outer space; research study; response; ventral intraparietal area; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term goal of this research is to contribute to the understanding of the sensory control of movement through studies of the cerebral cortex of macaques using physiological and behavioral methods. Emphasis will be placed on the role of primary motor, premotor, and parietal cortex in the control of limb, hand, and head movements. One major aim is to continue current research on the hypothesis that these areas represent movement by means of a stored set of behaviorally useful postures. A second aim is to study how these brain areas adapt as a function of practice with previously atypical movements. A third goal is to continue research on the hypothesis that restricted regions in motor and parietal cortex coordinate movements that defend the body from nearby threatening objects. These experiments will involve electrical stimulation of cortex using low currents (microamps); recording the activity of single neurons in cortex during movement; injection of muscimol, a chemical that temporarily deactivates a small region of cortex; and measuring behavior and muscle activity. This research should contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of sensory-motor function caused by developmental abnormalities, disease, trauma, aging, and unusual environments such as submersion in water or in outer space. The proposed research may also contribute to the development of limb prosthetics and artificial devices for object manipulation.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的长期目标是通过使用生理和行为方法研究猕猴的大脑皮层，促进对运动感觉控制的理解。重点将放在初级运动，运动前区和顶叶皮层在控制肢体，手和头部运动的作用。一个主要的目标是继续目前的研究假设，这些地区代表运动的方式存储一套行为上有用的姿势。第二个目标是研究这些大脑区域如何适应先前非典型运动的练习。第三个目标是继续研究运动皮层和顶叶皮层中的限制区域协调运动以保护身体免受附近威胁物体的假设。这些实验将涉及使用低电流（微安）对皮层进行电刺激;记录运动过程中皮层中单个神经元的活动;注射蝇蕈醇，一种暂时使皮层小区域失活的化学物质;以及测量行为和肌肉活动。 这项研究应有助于诊断和治疗由发育异常、疾病、创伤、衰老和特殊环境（如淹没在水中或外层空间）引起的感觉运动功能障碍。拟议的研究也可能有助于肢体假肢和人工设备的对象操作的发展。