Impact Of Environmental Factors On Independent Community

环境因素对独立社区的影响

• 批准号: 6668758
• 负责人: Jack M Guralnik
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6668758
• 关键词: aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; community; disabling disease; functional ability; housing; human old age (65+); human subject

Mobility, defined as the ability to move independently from one point to another, emerges from the interaction of the individual with the environment. Mobility disability results when the individual is unable to meet the demands of the environment and thus restricts his or her mobility to smaller and smaller geographic ranges (i.e. immediate neighborhood, then their home, then one room in their home). Previous research examining mobility disability in older adults has focused primarily on factors within the individual such as weakness, pain, loss of motion, and co-morbidities that result in mobility disability. Little research has been done to explore the role of external factors, such as environmental features, on the emergence of mobility disability in older adults. This study has developed a tool to quantify the influence of specific environmental factors on the capacity for independent community mobility in older adults. An assessment protocol has been developed that examines the activities of older persons in their communities and evaluates actual activities done in the community. This protocol will be used in future research to (a) identify critical environmental factors which contribute to mobility disability in older adults (for example which factors restrict individuals to their homes), (b) describe effective and ineffective strategies used by older adults to meet the demands of their community environment, and (c) develop mobility nomograms that can be used by clinicians to assess individual's mobility disability.

移动性（被定义为从一个点到另一点独立移动的能力）是从个人与环境的相互作用中出现的。当个人无法满足环境的需求并因此将其移动性限制为越来越小的地理范围（即邻里，然后是他们的家，然后在家中的一个房间）时，就会产生流动性残疾。先前检查老年人流动性残疾的研究主要集中在个人内部的因素上，例如无力，疼痛，运动丧失和导致活动性残疾的合并症。几乎没有研究探索外部因素的作用，例如环境特征，在老年人中出现流动性残疾的出现。这项研究开发了一种工具来量化特定环境因素对老年人独立社区流动能力的影响。已经制定了一项评估协议，该协议研究了社区中老年人的活动，并评估社区中所做的实际活动。该方案将在未来的研究中使用，以（a）确定有助于老年人流动性残疾的关键环境因素（例如，哪些因素限制了个人对自己的家庭的限制），（b）描述老年人使用的有效且无效的策略，以满足其社区环境的需求，以及（C）开发出临床医生来评估个人流动性不可能使用的行动性命名。