Impact Of Environmental Factors On Independent Community

环境因素对独立社区的影响

• 批准号: 6668758
• 负责人: Jack M Guralnik
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6668758
• 关键词: aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; community; disabling disease; functional ability; housing; human old age (65+); human subject

Mobility, defined as the ability to move independently from one point to another, emerges from the interaction of the individual with the environment. Mobility disability results when the individual is unable to meet the demands of the environment and thus restricts his or her mobility to smaller and smaller geographic ranges (i.e. immediate neighborhood, then their home, then one room in their home). Previous research examining mobility disability in older adults has focused primarily on factors within the individual such as weakness, pain, loss of motion, and co-morbidities that result in mobility disability. Little research has been done to explore the role of external factors, such as environmental features, on the emergence of mobility disability in older adults. This study has developed a tool to quantify the influence of specific environmental factors on the capacity for independent community mobility in older adults. An assessment protocol has been developed that examines the activities of older persons in their communities and evaluates actual activities done in the community. This protocol will be used in future research to (a) identify critical environmental factors which contribute to mobility disability in older adults (for example which factors restrict individuals to their homes), (b) describe effective and ineffective strategies used by older adults to meet the demands of their community environment, and (c) develop mobility nomograms that can be used by clinicians to assess individual's mobility disability.

移动性，定义为从一个点到另一个点独立移动的能力，出现在个人与环境的相互作用中。当一个人无法满足环境的要求，从而将其行动能力限制在越来越小的地理范围内（即紧邻的社区，然后是他们的家，然后是他们家中的一个房间）时，就会导致行动能力残疾。以前研究老年人行动能力障碍的研究主要集中在个体内部的因素，如虚弱，疼痛，运动丧失和导致行动能力障碍的合并症。很少有研究已经做了探索外部因素的作用，如环境特征，在老年人的流动性残疾的出现。这项研究开发了一种工具，以量化特定的环境因素对老年人独立社区流动能力的影响。已经制定了一项评估协议，审查老年人在其社区中的活动并评估在社区中进行的实际活动。该协议将用于未来的研究，以（a）确定关键的环境因素，有助于老年人的行动能力障碍（例如，哪些因素限制个人到他们的家），（B）描述老年人使用的有效和无效的策略，以满足他们的社区环境的需求，（c）开发移动诺模图，可用于临床医生评估个人的行动能力障碍。