Spatial hearing and language learning in toddlers who use cochlear implants

使用人工耳蜗的幼儿的空间听力和语言学习

• 批准号: 7388153
• 负责人: TINA M GRIECO-CALUB
• 金额: $ 2.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-15 至 2008-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7388153
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Age; Age-Years; Auditory; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain; Child; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear implant procedure; Data; Electric Stimulation; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Implant; Infant; Knowledge; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Learning; Localized; Measures; Methods; Noise; Numbers; Oral; Outcome; Patients; Performance; Procedures; Process; Psychophysiology; Purpose; Research; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Sound Localization; Speech; Standards of Weights and Measures; Techniques; Testing; Time; Toddler; Work; auditory deprivation; base; binaural hearing; cost effectiveness; deafness; design; early childhood; experience; implantation; improved; infancy; insight; novel; older patient; peer; preference; research study; sensory prosthesis; skills; sound; speech recognition; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children who are born deaf gain access to the auditory world through the use of cochlear implants (CIs), which provide electrical stimulation directly to the auditory nerve. Even though most children can perform quite well with a single implant, with better results associated with earlier implantation, there has been a recent clinical trend to provide patients who are deaf with bilateral CIs. Although this practice is becoming widely accepted for older patients, it is still under debate for infants. One reason for this debate is that the benefit of providing bilateral CIs to infants has not been systematically studied. In older children and adults, bilateral CIs have been shown to improve both spatial hearing and speech recognition in noise, consistent with the idea that binaural hearing can improve performance on various listening tasks. These binaural benefits have yet to be shown in infants who are born deaf and use CIs. Thus, there is a need to document the potential benefits of bilateral CIs in very young children, especially at a time when language learning and brain plasticity are greatest. To accomplish this, we will measure two auditory-dependent processes, auditory word learning and spatial hearing, in toddlers (under the age of three years) who use either a single CI or bilateral CIs. A combination of psychophysical and behavioral techniques, which are well-established for use in typically-developing toddlers, will be utilized in this proposal. In the experiments designed to test auditory word learning, word recognition ability in quiet and in the presence of noise will be assessed by using a looking-preference paradigm, and novel word learning will be evaluated using a word-object association task. In the experiments designed to assess spatial hearing, an observer-based method will be used to determine a toddler's minimum audible angle, which is a quantification of sound localization ability. The purpose of these experiments is to document the development of language and spatial hearing in very young CI users as well as to test the hypothesis that children with bilateral CIs will outperform children who use a single CI on these tasks. The knowledge that can be gained from this project is clinically applicable and necessary due to the current debate regarding the cost-effectiveness of providing bilateral CIs (versus one CI). The data generated from this study will provide insight into the development of language and auditory skills in very young children who use CIs, as well as serve to inform decisions about providing unilateral versus bilateral CIs to infants.

描述（由申请人提供）：先天聋哑儿童通过使用 人工耳蜗 (CI) 直接向听觉神经提供电刺激。尽管大多数儿童在单次种植体的情况下表现良好，并且越早植入效果越好， 最近的临床趋势是为耳聋患者提供双侧 CI。尽管这种做法已被老年患者广泛接受，但对于婴儿来说，这一做法仍存在争议。这场争论的原因之一是 尚未系统地研究向婴儿提供双侧 CI 的益处。在年龄较大的儿童和成人中，双侧 CI 已被证明可以改善噪声中的空间听力和语音识别能力， 与双耳听力可以提高各种听力任务表现的观点相一致。这些双耳益处尚未在先天聋哑并使用人工耳蜗的婴儿身上得到体现。因此，需要记录 双侧 CI 对幼儿有潜在的好处，尤其是在语言学习和大脑可塑性最强的时期。为了实现这一目标，我们将测量两个依赖于听觉的过程：听觉单词学习 使用单个 CI 或双侧 CI 的幼儿（三岁以下）的空间听力。心理物理学和行为技术的结合，已被广泛应用于典型发育中 幼儿，将在本提案中使用。在旨在测试听觉单词学习的实验中，将使用观看偏好范式来评估安静和存在噪音的单词识别能力，并且 新词学习将使用词-对象关联任务进行评估。在旨在评估空间听力的实验中，将使用基于观察者的方法来确定幼儿的最小可听角度，即 声音定位能力的量化。这些实验的目的是记录非常年轻的 CI 用户的语言和空间听力的发展情况，并检验双侧 CI 儿童的假设 在这些任务上会比使用单一 CI 的孩子表现更好。由于当前关于提供的成本效益的争论，从该项目中可以获得的知识在临床上适用且必要。 双边 CI（相对于一个 CI）。这项研究生成的数据将深入了解使用 CI 的幼儿的语言和听觉技能的发展情况，并为有关提供 CI 的决策提供信息。 婴儿的单侧与双侧 CI。