Attention and representation in auditory cortex

听觉皮层的注意力和表征

• 批准号: 7320269
• 负责人: Stephen V David
• 金额: $ 5.04万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-01 至 2008-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7320269
• 关键词: Affect; Afferent Neurons; Attention; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Cochlear Implants; Complex; Condition; Coupled; Data; Environment; Fellowship; Ferrets; Fire - disasters; Frequencies; Goals; Hearing; Human; Individual; Mammals; Measures; Modeling; Names; Neurons; Numbers; Output; Partial Hearing Loss; Patients; Process; Property; Rate; Research; Sensory; Sensory Process; Shapes; Speech; Staging; Stimulus; System; Systems Analysis; Techniques; Testing; Visual system structure; Work; attentional modulation; awake; extrastriate visual cortex; insight; neurophysiology; receptive field; response; selective attention; sensory system; size; vocalization

Mammals have evolved selective attention to extract useful sensory information from a complex world. Most previous neurophysiology research has modeled sensory representation and selective attention as independent, hierarchical processes: First, sensory systems passively filter input stimuli, and then attention systems select relevant information from the filtered output. The goal of this study is to test the alternative hypothesis that these two processes are tightly coupled at intermediate stages of sensory processing. If the filtering properties of sensory neurons are modulated by attention, then the number of possible computational strategies employed by attention will expand dramatically. This work will focus on characterizing the functional properties of neurons in primary auditory cortex under varying attention conditions. Findings using simple stimuli will be tested for their generality in natural behavior tasks. Patients with partial hearing loss and cochlear implants often complain of difficulty in auditory scene segmentation and hearing in noisy environments. This study will provide insight into the cortical processes required for performing these tasks successfully.

哺乳动物已经进化出选择性注意力，以便从复杂的世界中提取有用的感官信息。最 先前的神经生理学研究已经将感觉表征和选择性注意建模为 独立的、层次化的过程：首先，感觉系统被动地过滤输入的刺激，然后是注意力。 系统从过滤的输出中选择相关信息。这项研究的目的是测试替代方案 这两个过程在感觉处理的中间阶段紧密耦合的假设。如果 感觉神经元的过滤特性受到注意力的调节，那么可能的 注意力所使用的计算策略将急剧扩展。这项工作将侧重于 表征不同注意力下初级听皮质神经元的功能特性 条件将测试使用简单刺激的发现在自然行为任务中的普遍性。患者 部分听力损失和人工耳蜗植入者经常抱怨听觉场景分割困难 在嘈杂的环境中的听觉。这项研究将提供深入了解所需的皮质过程， 成功执行这些任务。

项目成果

Rapid synaptic depression explains nonlinear modulation of spectro-temporal tuning in primary auditory cortex by natural stimuli.

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5249-08.2009
• 发表时间: 2009-03-18
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: David SV;Mesgarani N;Fritz JB;Shamma SA
• 通讯作者: Shamma SA

Decoupling action potential bias from cortical local field potentials.

• DOI: 10.1155/2010/393019
• 发表时间: 2010-01-01
• 期刊: Computational intelligence and neuroscience
• 作者: David, Stephen V;Malaval, Nicolas;Shamma, Shihab A
• 通讯作者: Shamma, Shihab A

A computational model of rapid task-related plasticity of auditory cortical receptive fields.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10827-009-0181-3
• 发表时间: 2010-02
• 期刊: Journal of computational neuroscience
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Mesgarani N;Fritz J;Shamma S
• 通讯作者: Shamma S