Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure and Child Development in New Zealand and USA

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是对 PAS-03-023 国际毒瘾研究合作的回应。我们收到了一份行政补充文件，将新西兰奥克兰纳入我们的多地点婴儿发育、环境和生活方式 (IDEAL) 纵向研究，该研究旨在研究产前甲基苯丙胺 (MA) 暴露对儿童结局的影响。我们已经建立了一个社区研究网络 (CRN)，其中包括来自爱荷华州、俄克拉荷马州、加利福尼亚州和夏威夷州不同研究人群的四个临床研究合作伙伴 (CRP)，这些地区的孕妇使用 MA 很普遍，并且这项为期 3 年的纵向研究的数据收集工作已经在进行中。该补助提供资金来招募和进行新生儿以及对新西兰队列进行 1 个月的评估。本研究的目的是将新西兰队列的纵向随访延长至 3 年。新西兰的招募工作正在进行中，预计将有 240 名具有 MA 经历和匹配比较的受试者。拟议研究的纵向方案包括 1 年、2 年和 3 年的年度访问以及 2.5 年的家访。儿童的测量包括唤醒调节、认知、社会关系、神经运动、神经内分泌功能、行为问题和医疗状况等领域。社会心理风险因素的衡量包括护理环境和护理人员特征。当包括其他药物使用在内的协变量受到控制时，我们将检验与产前 MA 暴露对儿童结局影响相关的假设；与心理社会危险因素介导产前 MA 暴露对儿童结局影响的作用相关的假设。奥克兰队列将单独进行分析，并与更大的 IDEAL 样本一起进行分析。随着新西兰奥克兰作为第五个 CRP 加入 IDEAL 研究，我们将： (1) 增加 IDEAL 研究的样本量； (2) 通过研究 MA 纯度变异性较小且使用频率高于其他 IDEAL 地点的组，增加产前 MA 暴露对婴儿结局的可观察影响； (3) 加深我们对文化育儿和家庭外安置问题的作用的理解，包括关于接触 MA 的儿童结局的社会政策，以及 (4) 为我们理解产前 MA 接触对儿童结局的影响做出国际贡献。拟议的研究将增进我们对这一新出现问题的科学理解，并增强我们为这些儿童制定适当干预措施的能力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is in response to PAS-03-023 International Research Collaboration on Drug Addiction. We had received an administrative supplement that added Auckland, New Zealand to our multisite Infant Development, Environment And Lifestyle (IDEAL) longitudinal study of the effects of prenatal methamphetamine (MA) exposure on child outcome. We have already established a Community Research Network (CRN) that includes four Clinical Research Partners (CRPs), from diverse study populations in Iowa, Oklahoma, California, and Hawaii where MA use by pregnant women is prevalent and where data collection for this 3-year longitudinal study is already underway. The supplement provided funds to recruit and conduct newborn and 1-month assessments of the New Zealand cohort. The purpose of this study is to extend the longitudinal follow up of the New Zealand cohort to 3 years. Recruitment in New Zealand is underway and 240 subjects with MA exposure and matched comparisons are anticipated. The longitudinal protocol of the proposed study includes annual visits at 1, 2, and 3 years and a home visit at 2.5 years. Measures of child include domains of arousal regulation, cognition, social relationships, neuromotor, neuroendocrine function, behavior problems and medical status. Measures of psychosocial risk factors include caregiving context and caregiver characteristics. We will test hypotheses related to the effects of prenatal MA exposure on child outcome when covariates including other drug use are controlled; hypotheses related to the role of psychosocial risk factors mediating effects of prenatal MA exposure on child outcome. The Auckland cohort will be analyzed separately and together with the larger IDEAL sample. With Auckland, New Zealand added to the IDEAL study as a fifth CRP, we will: (1) Increase the sample size of the IDEAL study; (2) Increase the observable effects of prenatal MA exposure on infant outcome by studying a group with less variability in the purity of MA and with a higher frequency of use than in other IDEAL sites; (3) Increase our understanding of the role of cultural childrearing and out-of-home placement issues, including social policy on the outcome of MA exposed children, and (4) Make an international contribution to our understanding of the effect of prenatal MA exposure on child outcome. The proposed study will advance our scientific understanding of this emerging problem and enhance our ability to develop appropriate interventions for these children.