COCAINE EXPOSURE--REACHING, KINEMATICS, AND COGNITION

可卡因接触——触及范围、运动学和认知

• 批准号: 2654395
• 负责人: LINDA L LAGASSE
• 金额: $ 7.18万
• 依托单位: EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-02-05 至 2000-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2654395
• 关键词: attention; cocaine; cognition; human data; infant human (0-1 year); limb movement; motivation; neural information processing; proprioception /kinesthesia; psychomotor function; toxicology; videotape /videodisc; visual perception

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) The purpose of the study to is to examine whether in utero exposure to cocaine compromises cognitive and motivational processes underlying infants' reaching behavior. Data have already been collected on 99 infants using a paradigm developed by the PI to encourage infants' manipulation of seen or remembered objects. This is an ancillary study to the longitudinal, multi-center Maternal Lifestyles Study (MLS). Based on maternal history and meconium assay, 40 infants were identified as exposed in utero and 59 were nonexposed; 39% were preterm. During the procedure, sixteen trials were presented to the infant in which 4 objects emitting sounds moved clockwise into the infant's reaching space in the light and dark. Sessions were videotaped for later coding of reaching, attention, affect, motivation, localization, and recognition. The proposal requests resources to complete the behavioral coding as well as conduct kinematic analysis of infants' reaches. Kinematic measures describe the quality of the reaching process and are likely to reflect neuromotor deficits as well as cognitive and affective components of motor planning. This project has 6 specific aims that examine: (Aim 1) the effects of cocaine exposure on the components of infants' reaching activity including attention/motivation, efficiency of the reaching outcome, auditory localization and object recognition; (Aim 2) whether cocaine exposure affects infants' modulation of attention, affect or action during exploration of the environment; (Aim 3) whether cocaine exposure affects the quality or efficiency of the reaching process as shown by kinematic parameters, e.g., smoothness, straightness, velocity, (Aim 4) if the effects of cocaine exposure persist when medical or lifestyle factors that co-occur with cocaine exposure including low birthweight, marijuana use, alcohol use, and low socioeconomic status are covaried; (Aim 5) the construct and predictive validity of reaching measures using comparable variables from the MLS protocol including measures of motivation, attention, and action at 8 and 12 months; (Aim 6) the interrelations of cocaine exposure, cognitive, and motor behavior in order to determine if reaching is mediated by infants' modulation of cognitive and affective processes and cocaine exposure. The unique paradigm used in this study allows fine grain analysis of the motor act within the larger context of attentional and motivational processes when the task is easy (in the light) and more difficult (in the dark). Positive results not only describe infants' exploratory behavior but also identify possible mediators and moderators for the effects of cocaine exposure. Results of this study increase the knowledge base of the effects of cocaine exposure on developmental processes and outcomes essential to cognitive development.

描述：（申请人摘要） 这项研究的目的是检查子宫内暴露于 可卡因损害婴儿的认知和动机过程 达到行为。 已经收集了99名婴儿的数据， PI开发的范例，以鼓励婴儿操纵看到或 记得的物件 这是一项纵向研究的辅助研究， 多中心产妇生活方式研究（MLS）。 根据母亲的病史， 胎粪试验中，40名婴儿被确定为在子宫内接触，59名婴儿被确定为在子宫内接触。 未暴露; 39%为早产儿。 在手术过程中， 呈现给婴儿，其中4个发出声音的物体顺时针移动 在光明和黑暗中进入婴儿的可触及空间。 班 录像，以便以后对触及、注意力、情感、动机进行编码， 定位和识别。 该提案要求提供资源， 行为编码以及进行运动学分析， 到达。 运动学测量描述了到达过程的质量 并且可能反映神经运动缺陷以及认知和 运动规划的情感成分 该项目有6个具体目标，审查：（目标1） 可卡因暴露对婴儿伸手活动的影响，包括 注意力/动机，达成结果的效率，听觉 定位和物体识别;（目标2）可卡因暴露是否 影响婴儿的注意力、情感或行动的调节， （目标3）接触可卡因是否影响 如运动学所示的到达过程的质量或效率 参数，平滑度、直线度、速度（目标4），如果影响 当医疗或生活方式因素同时发生时， 包括低出生体重，吸食大麻，酗酒， 和低社会经济地位是协变的;（目的5）结构和 预测效度达到措施使用可比变量从 MLS协议，包括动机，注意力和行动的措施，在8 和12个月;（目的6）可卡因暴露，认知， 和运动行为，以确定是否达到是由婴儿的 调节认知和情感过程以及可卡因暴露。 在这项研究中使用的独特范例允许细粒度分析的 在注意力和动机的大背景下的运动行为 当任务容易（在光中）和更困难（在光中）时， 暗）。 阳性结果不仅描述了婴儿的探索行为， 还确定了可卡因作用的可能中介和调节剂 exposure. 这项研究的结果增加了知识基础的影响 可卡因暴露对发育过程和结果的影响 认知发展