Remediation of polluted sediment assisted by tidal energy

潮汐能辅助污染沉积物修复

• 批准号: EP/D079055/1
• 负责人: David Werner
• 金额: $ 26.1万
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD079055%2F1
• 关键词: Remediation; polluted; sediment; assisted; tidal

Many estuaries and river sediments in the UK and worldwide are impacted by organic pollutants at levels which are harmful to the ecosystem. For instance, the Tyne Estuary in the North of England is heavily polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and recent studies demonstrated ecotoxicological effects in fish, e.g. flounder and eels. The EU water framework directive lists PAHs as priority substances in the field of water policy because of their carcinogenic potency.Natural processes such as the microbial break-down and the strong adsorption of pollutants like PAHs to certain sediment constituents (e.g. carbonaceous particles) can reduce the ecotoxicity of polluted sediment significantly. However, the limited availability of nutrients and oxygen, the formation of ecotoxic products from microbial break-down, a limited number of strong sorption sites in natural sediment, and slow mass transfer of pollutants from weak sorbents to microorganisms or strong sorbents may impede a natural recovery. It is thus proposed to devise a low-cost engineering system in which natural processes leading to a sediment recovery can be enhanced in a controlled setting.Tidal energy will be exploited to agitate the sediment and replenish it with nutrients and oxygen. This will accelerate the microbial break-down of the degradable portion of the pollution. The labile, but non-degradable portion of the pollution and eventual break-down products will be removed from the sediment by infiltrating the effluent from the system across a bed with an adsorbent. The residual pollution in the sediment will be sequestered by adding a dose of a strong, preferably natural sorbent (e.g. coal) to the sediment at the end of the treatment. Presumably this will result in a substantially reduced sediment ecotoxicity and longterm stabilization of the residual pollution.By exploiting tidal energy and natural processes the costs for this treatment can be kept low. The scheme could be implemented in situ to avoid the removal of sediment or ex situ, possibly within existing structures such as abandoned dry docks, to treat sediment from routine dredging operations. The in situ emplacement or ocean disposal of treated, stabilized sediment would implicate less risks than disposal of the untreated sediment, or the treated, stabilized sediment may become an acceptable material for use on shore, e.g. as a filling material.

在英国和世界范围内，许多河口和河流沉积物受到有机污染物的影响，其水平对生态系统有害。例如，英格兰北部的泰恩河口受到石油碳氢化合物的严重污染，包括多环芳烃（PAHs），最近的研究证明了对鱼类的生态毒理学影响，例如比目鱼和鳗鱼。由于多环芳烃的致癌性，欧盟水框架指令将其列为水政策领域的优先物质。微生物分解和多环芳烃等污染物对某些沉积物成分（如碳质颗粒）的强吸附等自然过程可以显著降低污染沉积物的生态毒性。然而，营养物质和氧气的有限可用性，微生物分解形成的生态毒性产物，天然沉积物中强吸附位点的数量有限，以及污染物从弱吸附剂向微生物或强吸附剂的缓慢质量转移可能阻碍自然恢复。因此，建议设计一种低成本的工程系统，在这种系统中，导致沉积物回收的自然过程可以在受控环境中得到加强。潮汐能将被用来搅动沉积物，并为其补充营养和氧气。这将加速微生物对污染中可降解部分的分解。不稳定的、但不可降解的污染部分和最终的分解产物将通过带吸附剂的床从系统的流出物中渗透，从沉积物中去除。沉淀物中的残留污染将通过在处理结束时向沉淀物中添加一剂强效、最好是天然的吸附剂（例如煤）来隔离。据推测，这将大大降低沉积物的生态毒性，并长期稳定残留污染。通过利用潮汐能和自然过程，这种处理的成本可以保持在较低水平。该计划可在原地实施，以避免移走沉积物或移至原地，可能在现有结构（如废弃的干船坞）内处理常规疏浚作业产生的沉积物。就地安置或海洋处置处理过的稳定沉积物比处置未经处理的沉积物风险更小，或者处理过的稳定沉积物可能成为岸上使用的可接受材料，例如作为填筑材料。

项目成果

Characterising a possible natural cap material at a hydrocarbon polluted site in the river Tyne, England

描述英格兰泰恩河碳氢化合物污染地点可能的天然盖材料的特征

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: D Werner

Effect of activated carbon amendment on bacterial community structure and functions in a PAH impacted urban soil.

• DOI: 10.1021/es2043905
• 发表时间: 2012-05-01
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Meynet, Paola;Hale, Sarah E.;Davenport, Russell J.;Cornelissen, Gerard;Breedveld, Gijs D.;Werner, David
• 通讯作者: Werner, David

Can quantification of dioxygenase genes monitor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation?

双加氧酶基因的定量可以监测多环芳烃的降解吗？

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: P Meynet