PERINATAL CORE PROTOCOL (PACTG P1025) (HIV)

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 迄今为止，美国每年大约发生500-600例人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV)垂直传播病例。美国垂直传播率的大幅下降与几个因素有关，其中包括：对孕妇的自愿咨询和艾滋病毒检测的提供和接受度增加，对感染艾滋病毒的孕妇的医疗管理有所改善，以及为降低艾滋病毒母婴传播风险而制定和接受的干预措施增加。美国公共卫生服务的具体指南建议在妊娠期进行适当的抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)，以最大限度地促进妇女的健康。然而，关于怀孕期间抗逆转录病毒治疗的有效性、安全性和依从性的数据有限。此外，有关垂直传播的风险因素以及干预失败的重要问题仍未得到回答。以及对妇女及其婴儿的干预措施的安全性。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. To date, approximately 500-600 cases of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) occur annually in the United States. The dramatic reduction in vertical transmission rates in the United States is related to several factors, including: increased provision and acceptance of voluntary counseling and HIV testing of pregnant women, improvements in the medical management of HIV- infected pregnant women, and the development and increased acceptance of interventions to decrease the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Specific U.S public Health Service guidelines recommend antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy appropriate to maximize health of the women. However, data regarding the effectiveness and safety of and adherence to ART during pregnancy are limited. In addition, important questions remain unanswered regarding risk factors for vertical transmission and why interventions fail. and the safety of interventions for women and their infants.