PERINATAL CORE PROTOCOL (PACTG P1025) (HIV)

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 迄今为止，在美国每年发生大约500-600例1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的垂直传播。 美国垂直传播率的大幅下降与几个因素有关，包括：增加提供和接受孕妇自愿咨询和艾滋病毒检测，改善感染艾滋病毒的孕妇的医疗管理，以及制定和接受更多的干预措施，以减少母婴传播艾滋病毒的风险。 具体的美国公共卫生服务指南建议抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）在怀孕期间适当的，以最大限度地提高妇女的健康。 然而，关于妊娠期间ART的有效性、安全性和依从性的数据有限。 此外，关于垂直传播的风险因素以及干预措施为何失败等重要问题仍未得到解答。 以及对妇女及其婴儿进行干预的安全性。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. To date, approximately 500-600 cases of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) occur annually in the United States. The dramatic reduction in vertical transmission rates in the United States is related to several factors, including: increased provision and acceptance of voluntary counseling and HIV testing of pregnant women, improvements in the medical management of HIV- infected pregnant women, and the development and increased acceptance of interventions to decrease the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Specific U.S public Health Service guidelines recommend antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy appropriate to maximize health of the women. However, data regarding the effectiveness and safety of and adherence to ART during pregnancy are limited. In addition, important questions remain unanswered regarding risk factors for vertical transmission and why interventions fail. and the safety of interventions for women and their infants.