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New approaches to estimating flood flows via surface videography and 2D &3D modelling

通过地面摄像和 2D 估算洪水流量的新方法

基本信息

批准号：
EP/E003915/1
负责人：
Koji Shiono
金额：
$ 33.36万
依托单位：
Loughborough University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE003915%2F1
关键词：
New approaches estimating flood flows

项目摘要

Of all natural hazards capable of producing disasters, flooding is the most common cause of loss of life. A core component of flood management is accurate determination of flood conveyance and water level in channels. The reports (2002 & 2004) published by the EA and DEFRA ranked the uncertainty in determining flow resistance in times of flood, due to roughness condition in the main channel and on the flood plains, as of high priority. The main uncertainty in flow resistance arises because of lack of sufficient spatial velocity and water surface elevation data, since it is extremely difficult and dangerous to measure velocity during floods. This proposal introduces a novel velocity and water surface elevation measuring technique (remote control) during floods using PIV, DP and ADCP techniques in an engineered two stage channel on the River Blackwater. This site is well equipped with basic measuring facilities by the EA, so is an ideal site to study flow structures for overbank flow. Vegetation on the flood plains contains many plant types making it a good location for investigating the flow resistance parameters for vegetation, along with new work being developed by the River Habitat Survey. 3-D numerical models are used to reconstruct internal turbulent flow structure and to investigate roughness effects on flow behaviour, storage capacity and flood risk.

在所有可能造成灾难的自然灾害中，洪灾是造成生命损失的最常见原因。洪水管理的一个核心组成部分是准确确定洪水输运和渠道水位。EA和DEFRA发布的报告(2002和2004)将确定洪水时期水流阻力的不确定性列为高度优先事项，这是由于主河道和洪水平原上的粗糙条件造成的。水流阻力的主要不确定性是由于缺乏足够的空间速度和水面高程数据，因为在洪水期间测量速度极其困难和危险。该方案介绍了一种新的流速和水面高程测量技术(远程控制)，该技术利用PIV、DP和ADCP技术在黑水河上的一条工程两级航道中进行洪水期间的流速和水面高程测量。该站点配备了美国环保局的基本测量设施，是研究漫滩水流结构的理想场所。泛滥平原上的植被包含许多植物类型，这使得它成为研究植被水流阻力参数的好地方，以及河流生境调查正在开展的新工作。三维数值模型被用来重建内部湍流结构和研究粗糙度对水流特性、库容和洪水风险的影响。