Vocational Outcomes for Youth With Substance Abuse Problems and High HIV Risk

有药物滥用问题和艾滋病毒高风险的青少年的职业成果

• 批准号: 7417523
• 负责人: Scott W Henggeler
• 金额: $ 60.27万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7417523
• 关键词: 18 year old; Adolescent; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Communities; Condition; Connecticut; Data Analyses; Education; Employment; Evaluation; Evidence based treatment; Funding; HIV; Home environment; Human Resources; Individual; Industry; Institutes; Lawyers; Measures; Modeling; Noise; Occupations; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Placement; Protocols documentation; Randomized; Rate; Recording of previous events; Research Methodology; Risk; Schools; Services; Social Welfare; Staging; Standards of Weights and Measures; Statistical Models; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Title; Training; Upper arm; Validation; Wages; Youth; anti social; authority; day; design; dosage; experience; follow-up; improved; instructor; juvenile delinquent; member; mental health welfare; programs; psychosocial; skills training; treatment program

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study aims to test a promising strategy for improving vocational and employment outcomes for adolescents with identified substance abuse problems or at high risk for such. These youths are at very high risk for poor long-term outcomes from both personal and societal perspectives. The 6- month employment program, Project CRAFT (Community Restitution Apprenticeship-Focused Training), is designed to train and place high-risk youths in employment within the residential building industry. Importantly, CRAFT is operated by the Home Builders Institute, which is the educational arm of the National Association of Home Builders and has formal linkages with virtually all local building associations across the nation. CRAFT participants are connected with local employers throughout the course of training. This initial test of CRAFT uses existing multisystemic therapy (MST, Henggeler et al., 1998) programs in Connecticut as the platform for the evaluation, which has several advantages at this early stage of validation (e.g., reducing "noise," providing integrated services, treating substance use). Specifically, 120 15- to 18-year old adolescents presenting serious antisocial behavior and with identified substance abuse problems or at high risk for such will be randomized to CRAFT versus education as usual (EAU) conditions. In both cases, the therapists, per standard MST protocols, will be supporting the efforts of the vocational instructor (in the CRAFT condition) or school personnel (in the EAU condition) at enhancing youth school and vocational performance. Follow-up will be conducted through 2 years post program completion. This study has three primary aims. Aim 1: To evaluate the capacity of CRAFT to improve participant employment and earnings. CRAFT participants are hypothesized to have considerably higher rates of employment (measured by days employed) at a higher hourly wage than their EAU counterparts at posttreatment and follow-up. Aim 2: To examine the extent to which CRAFT is associated with decreases in substance use and increases in psychosocial functioning. Participants in both treatment conditions are expected to demonstrate gains in psychosocial functioning during treatment. Because participation in employment is expected to facilitate further improvement in psychosocial outcomes, CRAFT participants are hypothesized to experience additional gains following treatment while EAU participants are hypothesized to only maintain treatment gains. Aim 3: To evaluate possible moderators (e.g., criminal history, symptomatology) of CRAFT effects. For participants in the CRAFT condition, dosage effects will also be examined.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在测试一个有前途的策略，以改善职业和就业成果的青少年与确定的药物滥用问题或高风险等。从个人和社会的角度来看，这些年轻人长期结果不佳的风险很高。为期6个月的就业方案-CRAFT项目（以社区见习学徒为重点的培训），旨在培训高危青年并安排他们在住宅建筑行业就业。重要的是，手工艺是由住宅建筑商协会，这是全国住宅建筑商协会的教育部门，并与全国几乎所有地方建筑协会正式联系。CRAFT参与者在整个培训过程中与当地雇主建立了联系。CRAFT的这种初始测试使用现有的多系统治疗（MST，Henggeler等人，1998年）在康涅狄格州的计划作为评估的平台，这在验证的早期阶段有几个优势（例如，减少“噪音”，提供综合服务，处理物质使用）。具体而言，将120名表现出严重反社会行为并有确定的药物滥用问题或药物滥用高风险的15至18岁青少年随机分配至CRAFT与常规教育（EAU）条件。在这两种情况下，治疗师，按照标准MST协议，将支持职业教师（在CRAFT条件下）或学校工作人员（在EAU条件下）在提高青年学校和职业表现方面的努力。将在项目完成后2年内进行随访。这项研究有三个主要目的。目标1：评估CRAFT改善参与者就业和收入的能力。假设CRAFT参与者在治疗后和随访时的时薪高于EAU参与者，就业率（以就业天数衡量）要高得多。目的2：研究CRAFT与物质使用减少和心理社会功能增加的程度。两种治疗条件下的参与者预计将在治疗期间表现出心理社会功能的增益。由于参与就业有望促进心理社会结果的进一步改善，因此假设CRAFT参与者在治疗后会获得额外的收益，而假设EAU参与者仅维持治疗收益。目标3：评估可能的主持人（例如，CRAFT效应的犯罪史、病理学）。对于CRAFT条件下的受试者，还将检查剂量效应。