Design of a DIRC Particle Identification Detector for the PANDA Experiment at FAIR

强相互作用是支配我们周围世界的四种基本力量之一。它负责创造大量可见物质，将物质的基本组成部分--即所谓的夸克--限制在原子核、质子和中子的成分中，并将夸克束缚成新的、短寿命的粒子，即重子和介子。与其他力相比，这种强烈的相互作用是特殊的，因为它的强度随着距离的增加而增加，这种现象被称为限制。尽管基本量子场论的基本性质--被称为量子色动力学，或简称QCD--似乎是已知的，但仍有许多谜团有待解开。熊猫合作计划在计划中的德国达姆施塔特GSI博览会设施中建立一个最先进的通用探测器系统，以研究反质子撞击高能储存环HESR内部质子或核目标的反应。该探测器旨在利用高强度相空间冷却反质子束与灵活排列的目标碰撞所提供的非凡物理潜力。这个探测器与相互作用粒子物种的独特特征一起，将为我们理解强力和潜在的理论打开一扇新的窗口。为了充分开发规划中的设施的物理潜力，必须配备高精度的检测设备。特别是对所有反应产物的完全检测--所谓的最终状态--及其所有性质，特别是。它们的起源和势头是必要的。在了解潜在的反应机理时，识别反应产物的颗粒种类是至关重要的。虽然有几种方法可以识别特定的粒子类型，但所有方法都有其固有的局限性。需要新的技术来开发熊猫合作所致力于的丰富的物理项目。一种迄今从未完全真实的

The strong interaction is one of the four fundamental forces governing the world around us. It is responsible for the creation of the bulk mass of visible matter, confining the fundamental building blocks of matter - so called quarks - into the constituents of atomic nuclei, the protons and neutrons as well as binding quarks into new, shortlived particles known as baryons and mesons. The strong interaction is peculiar compared to other forces in that its strength grows with distance, a phenomenon called confinement. Although the basic properties of the underlying quantum field theory -called Quantum Chromodynamics, or QCD for short- seem to be known, many mysteries remain to be resolved. The PANDA collaboration proposes to build a state-of-the-art universal detector system to study reactions of anti-protons impinging on a proton or nuclear target internal to the high energy storage ring HESR at the planned FAIR facility at GSI, Darmstadt, Germany. The detector aims at taking advantage of the extraordinary physics potential offered by a high intensity phase space cooled anti-proton beam colliding with a flexible arrangement of targets. This detector together with the unique features of the interacting particle species will open a new window to our understanding of the strong force and the underlying theory. High precision detection devices are mandatory to fully exploit the physics potential of the planned facility. In particular, the complete detection of all reaction products - the so called final state - together with all their properties, esp. their origin and momentum is necessary. In understanding the underlying reaction mechanisms, identification of the particle species of the reaction products is of utmost importance. While there are several ways of identifying a certain particle type, all methods have their inherent limitations. Novel techniques are needed to exploit the rich physics program aimed for by the PANDA collaboration. A hitherto never fully real