Core--Particle Exposure Characterization

核心——颗粒暴露表征

• 批准号: 7508989
• 负责人: Helen Suh
• 金额: $ 58.59万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7508989
• 关键词: Aerosols; Air Pollutants; Analytical Chemistry; Boston; Carbon; Carbon Black; Communities; Count; Daily; Data; Ecology; Elements; Engineering; Exposure to; Goals; Health; Home environment; Humidity; Inorganic Sulfates; Libraries; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Monitor; NBL1 gene; Neighborhoods; Nitrates; Nucleosome Core Particle; Participant; Particulate; Pollution; Population Study; Public Health Schools; Relative (related person); Sampling; Site; Source; Temperature; Travel; Unspecified or Sulfate Ion Sulfates; Variant; base; metropolitan; nitrate; particle; particle exposure; pollutant; programs; residence; statistics; trafficking

The Exposure Core will be responsible for the assessment of all air pollutant exposures for all Projects of the Program Project. Air pollutant exposures will be assessed for each project following a three-tiered approach to characterize regional, community, and residential ambient particulate pollution. In the first tier, regional ambient concentrations will be characterized continuously for PM2.5, its major components, and other important particulate measures at a central stationary ambient monitoring (SAM) site located on the roof of Countway Library at 10 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA. At this site, ambient concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, black carbon (BC), sulfate (SO4[2-]), nitrate (NO3-), elemental (EC) and organic (OC) carbon, and particle counts (PC) will be measured continuously. Daily 24-h (9-9am) integrated PM2.5 samples will also be collected, with collected samples analyzed for PM2.5, BC (by reflectance), and elements (by XRF). Spatial variation in locally generated particle concentrations within metropolitan Boston will be assessed in Tier 2 using continuous measurements of ambient PM2.5 and BC concentrations at ten community monitoring stations. Finer spatial scale variation in locally generated particles will be captured in Tier 3 using residence-specific outdoor concentrations of traffic-related particles, which will be estimated using central and community site and State monitoring network pollution measurements and GIS-based spatial models. In our panel studies, exposures will also be measured directly for each study participant. Personal PM2.5 exposures will be measured continuously for each study participant for 24-h prior to each health measurement. Corresponding 24-h integrated personal PM2.5, SO4[2-] and BC exposures will also be measured for each participant. Personal measurements will include personal PM2.5, BC and particle count exposures, which will be measured continuously for participants as they travel on field trips aboard a diesel-powered bus. The Exposure Core is central to the Program Project. Not only will it provide all ambient and personal exposure measurements, but it will also provide expertise in atmospheric sciences, environmental and analytical chemistry, aerosol engineering and exposure assessment. This expertise will be used to characterize the sources and types of particle exposures and to provide an exposure assessment framework that will help to interpret and relate exposure and health effects data collected as part of this PPG.

暴露核心将负责评估计划项目所有项目的所有空气污染物暴露。每个项目的空气污染物暴露将按照三个层次的方法进行评估，以确定区域、社区和住宅环境颗粒物污染的特征。在第一层中，区域环境浓度将在位于马萨诸塞州波士顿市沙塔克街10号Countway图书馆屋顶的中央固定环境监测（SAM）站点连续表征PM2.5及其主要成分和其他重要颗粒物测量。在该现场，将连续测量PM2.5、PM10、黑碳（BC）、硫酸盐（SO 4 [2-]）、硝酸盐（NO3-）、元素（EC）和有机（OC）碳以及颗粒物计数（PC）的环境浓度。还将收集每日24小时（上午9点至9点）的PM2.5综合样本，并对收集的样本进行PM2.5、BC（通过反射率）和元素分析 (by XRF）。波士顿大都市内本地产生的颗粒物浓度的空间变化将在第2层评估，使用连续测量的环境PM2.5和BC浓度在10个社区监测站。在第3层中，将使用交通相关颗粒物的特定住宅室外浓度来捕获本地产生的颗粒物的更精细的空间尺度变化，该浓度将使用中央和社区站点以及国家监测网络污染测量和基于GIS的空间模型进行估计。在我们的小组研究中，还将直接测量每名研究参与者的暴露量。在每次健康测量之前，将连续测量每名研究参与者的个人PM2.5暴露量24小时。相应的24小时综合个人PM2.5、SO 4 [2-]和BC暴露 还将对每个参与者进行测量。个人测量将包括个人PM2.5，BC和颗粒物计数暴露，这些暴露将在参与者乘坐柴油动力巴士进行实地考察时连续测量。曝光核心是该计划项目的核心。它不仅将提供所有环境和个人接触测量，而且还将提供大气科学、环境和分析化学、气溶胶工程和接触评估方面的专门知识。这一专门知识将用于确定粒子暴露的来源和类型，并提供一个暴露评估框架 这将有助于解释和关联作为PPG的一部分收集的暴露和健康影响数据。