Electrochemistry & Spectroscopy of Novel Protein/Nanomaterial-Based Bioelectrodes

导电聚合物已被用于修饰电极表面和修饰酶以构建 用于检测生物医学上重要的物质如一氧化氮（NO）、葡萄糖、组胺 等我们将使用其他基材，如纳米材料，包括纳米管和纳米颗粒，硅溶胶凝胶， 表面活性剂和自组装单分子层（SAM）来修饰电极表面以用于固定 生物分子，以开发生物医学上重要的物种，如NO，硫醇，组胺， 和钙。在目前的赠款期间，我们已经成功地衡量了正式的潜力， 肌红蛋白和细胞色素的直接电化学修饰的电极与这些基板。我们将 我用这种方法研究了几种新的蛋白质，如吡林、脱羧酶和二血红素 通过与密西西比大学医学中心的两位生物化学教授合作， 本研究的假设如下：（1）用这些基底修饰的电极有助于携带 新蛋白质的直接电化学，以及（2）在这些底物上（或中）的新蛋白质保持 天然形式或至少这些蛋白质不变性。电化学方法，如循环 伏安法（CV）、差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）和方波伏安法（SWV）将用于 确定这些蛋白质在不同底物上（或中）的形式电位。电化学也将是 用于探测金属中心的相互作用（例如，Fe）与分子氧、NO以及相关的转录因子的相互作用。 例如P50。这些研究将有助于找到蛋白质/基质系统， 蛋白质分子与底物之间的电子转移速率对显影更敏感 传感器这些电化学研究也将为蛋白质化学提供有价值的信息 参与生物医学研究。那些蛋白质分子在修饰电极上以及溶液中 还将通过激光拉曼光谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱、紫外可见光谱、原子力光谱等光谱方法对其进行表征 显微镜（AFM）、TEM和SEM。这些研究将提供光谱证据的相互作用 酶蛋白质和修饰电极之间的关系，并可能能够解释differences.in 蛋白质分子在不同底物上的电化学行为。

Conducting polymers have been used to modify electrode surfaces and to immobilize enzymes to construct biosensors for the detection of biomedically important species such as nitric oxide(NO), glucose, histamine, etc. We will use other substrates such as nanomaterials including nanotubes and nanoparticles, silica solgel, surfactants, and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to modify electrode surfaces for the immobilization of biomolecules in order to develop sensors for biomedically important species such as NO, thiols, histamine, and calcium. During the current grant period we have successfully measured the formal potentials of myoglobin and cytochromes by direct electrochemistry at electrodes modified with those substrates. We will use this approach to study several novel proteins such as pirin, decarboxylase enzymes, and diheme proteins by collaborating with two biochemistry professors at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. The hypotheses for the study are as follows:(1) the electrodes modified with those substrates help to carry out direct electrochemistry of novel proteins, and (2) the novel proteins on (or in) those substrates maintain the native form or at least these proteins are not denatured. Electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV) will be used to determine the formal potentials of those proteins on (or in) different substrates. Electrochemistry will also be used to probe the interaction of the metal center (e.g., Fe) with dioxygen, NO, and the related transcriptional cofactors such as P50. These studies will help to find protein/matrix systems which may provide a fast electron transfer rate between the protein molecule and the substrate for the development of more sensitive transducers. These electrochemical studies will also provide valuable information for the protein chemistry involved in biomedical research. Those protein molecules on the modified electrodes as well as in solutions will also be characterized by spectroscopic methods including laser-Raman, FT-IR, UV-vis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), TEM, and SEM. These studies will provide spectroscopic evidence for the interactions between enzyme proteins and the modified electrodes and may be able to explain the differences.in electrochemical behaviors of protein molecules on different substrates.