Methods for Assessing Attitudes toward Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Banglad

描述(由申请人提供)：国际研究表明，男性对其女性伴侣和妻子的暴力程度，或亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)，是一个重大的全球健康问题，对妇女及其子女造成广泛的不利身体、心理、社会和经济后果。男性和女性对暴力的态度都被认为与实际的暴力行为有关；然而，令人惊讶的是，关于对IPV的态度的研究相对有限，研究人员最近才开发出标准工具来衡量发展中国家对IPV的个人态度。虽然改变与IPV相关的个人态度和社区层面的规范对行为变化具有潜在的重要意义，但我们从跨文化角度调查这些问题的能力可能会受到严重限制，因为对现有的、常用的调查问题的回答可能会混淆女性自己对IPV的态度和她们对当地社区IPV规范的看法。这项研究的目的是开发更好的方法工具，以了解女性和男性对IPV的个人态度，以及他们对自己社区的IPV规范的看法。该项目结合了认知访谈、深入的人种学方法和调查实验，以开发关于IPV社会可接受性的新问题和调查模块，其中个人态度可以明显区别于对社区规范的看法。我们将对来自女性和男性的定性数据进行比较，以检验问题和回答类别是否具有性别认知和语义意义，而定性和认知数据将为调查实验的开展和调查数据的分析提供信息。这些用于了解对IPV的态度和规范的改进的调查工具将公开提供，可能用于大规模的国家调查，如国土安全部。公共卫生评价：该项目开发的调查工具将能够更有成效地分析个人对亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的态度和社会规范与个别妇女接触亲密伴侣暴力及其求助行为之间的动态关系。该项目将扩大和加强自1991年以来在孟加拉国农村地区已建立的实地地点收集的有关性别和妇女地位问题的现有数据。通过该项目开发的洞察力和工具将为对IPV的态度、规范以及个人风险和寻求帮助行为的多层次研究奠定基础，将为此寻求单独的资金。增进对与艾滋病毒/艾滋病有关的态度和规范环境的了解，将有助于制定与具体情况相适应的概念干预措施，以减少艾滋病毒的流行和后果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): International research suggests that levels of men's violence against their female partners and wives, or intimate partner violence (IPV), is a significant global health problem with a wide range of adverse physical, psychological, social, and economic consequences for women and their children. Both men's and women's attitudes about violence are believed to be correlated with actual violent behavior; yet, surprisingly, research on attitudes about IPV is relatively limited, and researchers only recently have developed standard instruments to measure individual attitudes about IPV in developing country settings. Although modifying individual attitudes and community-level norms related to IPV is potentially important for behavioral change, our ability to investigate them cross-culturally may be severely limited because the responses to existing, commonly used survey questions may conflate women's own attitudes regarding IPV and their perceptions of norms about IPV in their local communities. The objective of this research is to develop better methodological tools for understanding women's and men's individual attitudes about IPV and their perceptions of norms about IPV in their own communities. The project combines cognitive interviewing, in-depth ethnographic methods, and survey experiments to develop new questions and survey modules on the social acceptability of IPV in which individual attitudes can be distinguished clearly from perceptions of community norms. Qualitative data from women and men will be compared to examine whether questions and response categories have gendered cognitive and semantic meanings, and the qualitative and cognitive data will inform the development of the survey experiment and analysis of the survey data. These refined survey tools for understanding attitudes and norms about IPV will be made publicly available for possible use in large-scale national surveys, such as the DHS. PUBLIC HEALTH REVELANCE: The survey instruments developed in this project will enable a more fruitful analysis of the dynamic between individual attitudes and social norms about intimate partner violence (IPV) and individual women's exposure to IPV and their help seeking behavior. The project will extend and enhance an existing body of data on issues related to gender and women's status that has been collected in established field sites in rural Bangladesh since 1991. The insights and tools developed through this project will lay the groundwork for a multilevel study of IPV attitudes, norms, and individual risk and help-seeking behavior for which separate funding will be sought. Improved knowledge about the attitudinal and normative environment related to IPV will inform the development of contextually appropriate ideational interventions to reduce the prevalence and consequences of IPV.