Influences of Women's Empowerment on Marriage and Violence in Bangladesh

描述(申请人提供)：这项研究的目的是澄清个人和社区一级的机制，通过这些机制，妇女的赋权与其在孟加拉国农村经历亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的风险有关。它采用了四种创新的方法战略来实现这一目标。首先，现有的许多关于妇女赋权的研究使用了相对较少的项目来捕捉这一概念的狭窄范围。该项目以国立卫生研究院先前关于孟加拉国妇女赋权的发展赠款(#1R21HD053580-01 Pi Schuler)为基础，纳入了一套全面和适合具体情况的妇女赋权指标。第二，以前关于IPV态度和规范的研究使用了很小范围的项目来捕捉这些概念，这些项目可能被调查受访者不同程度地(误解)理解。在这里，使用了通过NIH的另一项发展研究拨款(#1R21HD058173-01 Pis Schuler and Young t)开发的关于孟加拉国农村地区对IPV的态度的新衡量标准。第三，先前关于环境对IPV影响的研究受到了对IPV和社区环境的有限衡量。该项目使用了一套全面的措施来确定性别社会背景的特征，这将适当地确定赋予妇女权力的个人一级进程的位置。它还包括一套全面的措施，以捕捉妇女经历的IPV的类型和时间。最后，该项目结合了定量和定性方法的优点，以加强对个人、夫妇和社区层面的变量操作和相互作用影响妇女经历IPV风险的机制的解释。定量数据收集将结合对3500名新婚女性(RMW)的三波(基线加两次后续)小组调查，以及对1500名已婚男性(EMM)和1500名已婚女性(EMW)的横断面调查。从RWM、EMW和EMM获得的调查数据将有可能生成三类指标，以在多层次分析框架中检验研究假设：村级和个人级的自变量、个人级的IPV结果和控制变量。定性数据将包括1)具有相对较高赋权水平的年轻已婚妇女的生活史叙述，其中同时引发了赋权的演变和生活中的IPV；以及2)与年轻已婚男子、年轻已婚妇女(结婚2-6年)以及老年男子和妇女的小组讨论。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this study is to clarify the individual- and community-level mechanisms by which a woman's empowerment is associated with her risk of experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in rural Bangladesh. It employs four innovative methodological strategies to achieve this objective. First, much of the existing research on women's empowerment has used relatively few items to capture a narrow range of dimensions of this concept. This project builds on a prior NIH developmental grant on women's empowerment in Bangladesh (#1R21HD053580 - 01 PI Schuler) by incorporating a comprehensive and contextually appropriate set of indicators of women's empowerment. Second, prior research on attitudes and norms about IPV has used a narrow range of items to capture these concepts, and such items may have been variously (mis)understood by the survey respondents. Here, new measures of attitudes regarding IPV in rural Bangladesh, developed through another developmental research grant from NIH (#1R21HD058173-01 PIs Schuler and Yount) are used. Third, prior studies of contextual influences on IPV have suffered from limited measures of both IPV and community context. This project uses a comprehensive set of measures to characterize the gendered social context, which will appropriately situate individual-level processes of women's empowerment. It also includes a comprehensive set of measures that capture the type and timing of IPV that women experience. Finally, the project combines the strengths of quantitative and qualitative methods to enhance interpretation of the mechanisms by which individual-, couple- and community-level variables operate and interact to influence a woman's risk of experiencing IPV. The quantitative data collection will combine a three-wave (a baseline plus two follow-ups) panel survey of 3500 recently married women (RMW) with one cross-sectional survey, administered at baseline, of 1500 ever-married men(EMM) and 1500 ever-married women (EMW). The survey data elicited from RWM, EMW, and EMM will make it possible to generate 3 categories of indicators to test the study hypotheses in a multilevel analytic framework: independent variables at both the village level and individual levels, individual- level IPV outcomes, and control variables. Qualitative data will consist of 1) life history narratives of young married women with relatively high levels of empowerment in which the evolution of empowerment and IPV in their lives are simultaneously elicited; and 2) group discussions with young married men, young married women (married 2-6 years), and older men and women.