Noise Exposure in Subway Riders

地铁乘客的噪音暴露

• 批准号: 7469922
• 负责人: ROBYN R.M. GERSHON
• 金额: $ 24.15万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-15 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7469922
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Advisory Committees; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Aging; American; Audiometry; Biological Models; Censuses; Child; Childhood; Chinese People; Clinical; Collaborations; Communities; Community Participation; Comprehension; Coupled; Data; Eligibility Determination; Employment; Environment; Exposure to; Feasibility Studies; Future; Grant; Growth; Guidelines; Health; Health Policy; Health Status; Hearing; Incentives; Individual; Intercept; Knowledge; Language; Leisure Activities; Letters; Life; Literature; Living Wills; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Metric; Minority Groups; Neighborhoods; New York; New York City; Noise; Noise-Induced Hearing Loss; Numbers; Occupational; Occupational Exposure; Participant; Peer Review; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Phase; Pilot Projects; Polishes; Population; Populations at Risk; Principal Investigator; Public Health; Publishing; Purpose; Questionnaires; Range; Rate; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Assessment; Safety; Sampling; Seasons; Self-Administered; Sorting - Cell Movement; Source; Specialist; Speech; Standards of Weights and Measures; Subway; Surveys; System; Technology; Time; Translational Research; United States; Urban Health; Urban Population; Week; Work; authority; base; cost; day; design; dosimetry; experience; hearing impairment; improved; instrument; interest; member; metropolitan; novel; occupational health/safety; residence; time use; tool; urban area; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by principal investigator): Project Summary Excessive noise in the urban setting is a topic of increasing public health concern. Mass transit, and aging subway systems, in particular, are prime sources of urban noise. Yet the risk associated with subway noise is understudied and risk assessment data on subway-related noise exposure are exceptionally limited. As an important first step in our research team's trajectory of assessing urban noise associated with mass transit, we conducted environmental noise sampling of the NYC subway system. Noise levels inside subway cars and on subway platforms were in excess of standard recommended levels; for some of the levels measured, the recommended community exposure limits are as little as 1.5min per 24hrs. To estimate the ridership's risk of potential noise exposure, which is a function of both noise level and exposure duration, we recently conducted a feasibility study. Using a modified street intercept recruitment methodology, preliminary data were obtained from nearly 1100 attendees at neighborhood street fairs. The sample was diverse (26 percent were racial/ethnic minorities, mean age was 43yrs, range 18-89yrs) and representative of NYC census data. 27 percent of the sample reported no subway ridership; for participants that did ride the subways, the mean duration (time spent on platforms and inside subway cars) was 1.98 hrs/day, for an average of 5 days/week (max 7.0 hrs/day, median 1.75 hrs/day, mode 1.20 hr/day). When combined with pilot measurements of subway noise, the preliminary mean subway exposure duration of 1.98 hrs yields a 24-hr average exposure level that substantially exceeds the guidelines for community noise exposure published by the U.S. E.P.A. even without considering other sources of exposure. To characterize the contribution of subway noise to total noise exposure in an urban population, we propose a two-year, four-phase, transdisciplinary risk assessment study of NYC community members. The purpose of this R21 exploratory study is fourfold: (1) to characterize subway and other highly variable mass transit environments using time-integrated dosimetry, (2) to estimate current subway-related noise duration among a large (N=5000) sample of diverse NYC community members representing a range of subway ridership (from none to extensive) using a self-administered questionnaire, (3) to determine total (combined) noise exposure from three major sources (subway and other mass transit related, work and leisure-time) and to determine the contribution of subway noise to total noise exposure, and (4) to compare these exposures to recommended allowable community-level exposure levels. Using validated instruments, duration of work and leisure time activities data will be obtained from questionnaires and noise levels for the various work/leisure activities will be obtained from well validated peer reviewed documents. The findings from this study will not only provide important new information but also the context for the design of urban noise studies which will have translational research implications for public health policy and practice. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will determine the risk of excessive noise exposure associated with subway and other mass transit- ridership in a population of urban New York City community members. The population at potential risk in NYC alone is in excess of 3 million riders; nationwide, more than 10 million riders use subway systems that are 75 years old or greater. This study has translational implications for public health policy and practice.

描述（由首席研究人员提供）：城市环境中的项目摘要过多的噪音是公共卫生问题增加的话题。尤其是大众运输和老化地铁系统是城市噪音的主要来源。然而，与地铁噪声相关的风险被研究不足，与地铁相关噪声暴露的风险评估数据非常有限。作为我们研究团队评估与大众传输相关的城市噪声的重要第一步，我们对纽约地铁系统进行了环境噪声采样。地铁汽车和地铁平台内的噪声水平超过了建议的水平；对于测得的某些水平，建议的社区敞口限量每24小时只有1.5分钟。为了估计乘客可能会暴露噪声的风险，这是噪声水平和暴露持续时间的函数，我们最近进行了一项可行性研究。使用修改后的街道拦截招聘方法，从邻里街头集市上的近1100名参与者那里获得了初步数据。样本是多种多样的（26％是种族/族裔少数族裔，平均年龄为43岁，范围18-89岁），并且代表NYC人口普查数据。 27％的样本报告没有地铁乘车率；对于确实骑地铁的参与者来说，平均持续时间（在平台上和地铁车内花费的时间为1.98小时/天，平均每周5天（最大7.0小时/天，中位数1.75小时/天，模式，模式1.20小时/天）。当结合地铁噪声的试验测量值时，初步的平均地铁暴露时间为1.98小时，产生的平均平均暴露水平大大超过了美国E.P.A.发表的社区噪声暴露指南。 即使不考虑其他暴露来源。为了表征地铁噪声对城市人口中总噪声暴露的贡献，我们建议对纽约市社区成员进行两年的四个阶段，跨学科的风险评估研究。 The purpose of this R21 exploratory study is fourfold: (1) to characterize subway and other highly variable mass transit environments using time-integrated dosimetry, (2) to estimate current subway-related noise duration among a large (N=5000) sample of diverse NYC community members representing a range of subway ridership (from none to extensive) using a self-administered questionnaire, (3) to determine total (combined)从三个主要来源（地铁和其他质量交通，工作和休闲时间）的噪声暴露，并确定地铁噪声对总噪声暴露的贡献，以及（4）将这些暴露与建议的允许的社区级别的暴露水平进行比较。使用经过验证的工具，将从问卷调查和噪音水平获得各种工作/休闲活动的噪声水平，将从经过良好验证的同行评审文档获得。这项研究的发现不仅将提供重要的新信息，而且还将提供城市噪声研究设计的背景，这将对公共卫生政策和实践产生转化研究的影响。公共卫生相关性：这项研究将确定纽约市社区成员人口中与地铁和其他大规模运输骑士相关的噪音过度暴露的风险。仅纽约市的潜在风险人口就超过300万骑手；在全国范围内，超过1000万骑手使用了75年或更高的地铁系统。这项研究对公共卫生政策和实践具有翻译意义。