Alcohol Phenotype Development in American Samoa

美属萨摩亚的酒精表型发展

• 批准号: 7479864
• 负责人: ROBERT M SWIFT
• 金额: $ 19.05万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-05 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7479864
• 关键词: Adult; Alcohol Phenotype; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Alcohols; American; American Samoa; Back; Beer; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Candidate Disease Gene; Cognitive; Collaborations; Comprehension; Consumption; Cues; DNA; DSM-IV; Detection; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diet; Drug Addiction; Eating Behavior; Economic Development; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Equipment and supply inventories; Family; Family history of; Female; Focus Groups; Frequencies; Future; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Genome; Genotype; Goals; Grant; Health; Heavy Drinking; Heterogeneity; High Prevalence; Indigenous; Individual; Interview; Interviewer; Language; Life Style; Linkage Disequilibrium; Maps; Medical; Methodology; Microsatellite Repeats; Neurobiology; Obesity; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Phenotype; Polynesian; Population; Procedures; Process; Psychiatric Diagnosis; Psychometrics; Purpose; Quantitative Trait Loci; Questionnaires; Rate; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk-Taking; Samoan; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Testing; Training; Translating; Translations; United States National Institutes of Health; Validation; Variant; alcohol craving; alcohol effect; alcohol use disorder; base; behavior test; concept; craving; drinking; drinking behavior; endophenotype; food consumption; food craving; genetic linkage analysis; genome wide association study; improved; instrument; interest; male; preference; stem; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The major purpose of this Exploratory/Developmental proposal is to lay the groundwork for a study of the genetics of alcohol dependence in Samoans. The indigenous Polynesians of American Samoa constitute an isolated population that have a high prevalence of obesity and related illnesses, such as diabetes. Ongoing research conducted by one of us (STM) in collaboration with the assistance of local Samoan health officials, is attempting to identify behavioral and genetic factors associated with these problems. DNA and obesity phenotype information has been collected on more than 1100 individuals. There are many commonalities in the neurobiological control of behaviors associated with food consumption and alcohol consumption. Our preliminary research suggests that heavy alcohol use and alcohol use disorders are present in Samoans at a high prevalence. However, little information is available about alcohol diagnoses, quantity and frequency of alcohol drinking, and the presence of alcohol-related traits, behaviors and consequences in this population. The specific aims are to develop assessment methodology to identify alcohol-related diagnoses, traits and behaviors which may be representative of alcohol-related endophenotypes in Samoans. Alcohol diagnoses will be defined according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, using the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA). Alcohol-related traits, such as drunkenness, family history of substance use disorders, craving, and drinking patterns, etc. will be assessed with additional questionnaires, including the Family History Assessment Module, the Self-rating of the Effects of Alcohol Scale, and the Food Craving Inventory that will be adapted for use in this population by a formal qualitative and quantative development process. Assessments will be translated into the Samoan language, will utilize culturally appropriate procedures and will be administered by trained interviewers. We will also utilize behavioral testing to assess the potential endophenotypes of sweet preference, risk taking, and cue-induced alcohol craving in the participants.

描述（由申请人提供）：本探索性/开发性提案的主要目的是为萨摩亚人酒精依赖遗传学研究奠定基础。美属萨摩亚的土著波利尼西亚人是一个与世隔绝的人口，肥胖症和糖尿病等相关疾病的发病率很高。我们中的一个人（STM）在当地萨摩亚卫生官员的协助下正在进行的研究，试图确定与这些问题有关的行为和遗传因素。DNA和肥胖表型信息已经收集了超过1100个人。与食物消费和酒精消费相关的行为的神经生物学控制有许多共同点。我们的初步研究表明，酗酒和酗酒紊乱在萨摩亚人中十分普遍。然而，关于酒精诊断，饮酒的数量和频率，以及该人群中与酒精相关的特征，行为和后果的存在的信息很少。具体目标是制定评估方法，以确定可能代表萨摩亚人与酒精有关的内在表型的与酒精有关的诊断、特征和行为。酒精诊断将根据DSM-IV诊断标准，使用药物依赖和酒精中毒半结构化评估（SSADDA）进行定义。酒精相关特征，如醉酒、物质使用障碍家族史、渴望和饮酒模式等，将使用额外的问卷进行评估，包括家族史评估模块、酒精影响自评量表和食物渴望量表，这些问卷将通过正式的定性和定量开发过程适用于该人群。评估将翻译成萨摩亚语，将采用文化上适当的程序，并将由经过培训的访谈员进行。我们还将利用行为测试 评估潜在的内在表型的甜食偏好，冒险，和线索诱导的酒精渴望的参与者。