Strategies to help inform colorectal cancer risk magnitudes

帮助了解结直肠癌风险程度的策略

• 批准号: 7502634
• 负责人: Constance Margaret Johnson
• 金额: $ 8.32万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7502634
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Algorithms; Auras; Baseline Surveys; Behavior; Behavioral; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Cancer; Communication; Dimensions; Disadvantaged; Disease; Elements; Fecal occult blood; Frequencies; General Population; Health behavior change; Intention; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Literature; Methods; Metric; Modality; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Numbers; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Persons; Pilot Projects; Probability; Randomized; Rate; Reaction; Risk; Risk Factors; Screening procedure; Severities; Severity of illness; Sigmoidoscopy; Standards of Weights and Measures; Testing; Time; Variant; base; behavior measurement; cancer risk; colorectal cancer screening; design; men; prevent; sex; size; skills

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening continue to be less-than-optimal to reduce morbidity from this disease, necessitating the application of motivational constructs to motivate screening. Increasing perceptions of CRC risk should motivate screening. Yet inconsistent findings show that higher perceived CRC at times predicts screening, sometimes not. The inconsistent findings may be due to interventions that fail to address essential dimensions of what is required to understand CRC risk (Weinstein, 1999). These dimensions include: understanding the precursors to CRC, probability of occurrence, consequences, and methods to prevent or diminish the threat-most interventions address only one or two of these components. Thus, a central study aim is to develop an intervention that addresses each dimension of risk, and assess how people's reactions/understanding on each dimension is related to intentions to screen for CRC. The likelihood of getting CRC is the most difficult component to convey (Bogardus, 1999); yet it forms a core dimension of CRC risk communicated often to the public. The likelihoods are typically expressed numerically and are often viewed as precise, contain an "aura" of "scientific accuracy and credibility. The disadvantages of using numbers to express likelihood include problems with people's numerical skills and the ability to make use and sense of small probabilities. Presenting what may appear as subjectively small probabilities may be counterproductive at motivating CRC screening. Hence, a second central study aim is to test whether inclusion of a standard display of likelihood information contextualized within the other dimensions of risk does decrease motivation to screen, and to develop and test an alternate means of displaying likelihood information designed to increase rather than decrease motivation to screen through the addition of a graphical display of risk probabilities. This study constitutes important preliminary steps to understand more fully how best to communicate CRC risk comprehensively to affect screening intentions, and in particular the unique effects of including two variants of likelihood information in the context of other essential dimensions of risk. Effects sizes and variance can be used to power a larger trial. Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates continue to be less-than-optimal in reducing morbidity from this disease, necessitating the application of motivational constructs to encourage screening.

描述（由申请人提供）： 结直肠癌（CRC）筛查的发生率仍然比降低这种疾病的发病率的比较少，因此需要应用动机构造来激励筛查。对CRC风险的看法增加应激发筛查。然而，不一致的发现表明，有时感知到的CRC有时会预测筛查，有时不会预测。不一致的发现可能是由于干预措施无法解决了解CRC风险所需的基本维度（Weinstein，1999）。这些维度包括：了解CRC的前体，发生的概率，后果和方法，以防止或减少最大的干预措施仅解决这些组件中的一两个。因此，中央研究的目的是开发一种解决风险每个维度的干预措施，并评估人们对每个维度的反应/理解与CRC筛查的意图有关。获得CRC的可能性是最难传达的组成部分（Bogardus，1999）。然而，它构成了经常传达给公众的CRC风险的核心维度。可能性通常在数值上表示，通常被视为精确，包含“科学准确性和信誉的“光环”。使用数字表达可能性的缺点包括人们数值技能的问题，以及人们的使用能力和使用的能力和较小的概率的能力。表现出可能是主观小的概率来进行的，是否可以进行综合的范围。在其他风险中包含标准的可能性信息，可以减少筛查的动机，并开发和测试旨在显示旨在增加的可能性信息的替代方法，而不是通过添加图形的风险显示，而不是减少筛查动机，以构成这项研究的特定范围，以构成更加完整的风险范围，并构成了筛查的全面效果。在其他风险的其他基本维度的背景下，似然信息的变体。效果大小和方差可用于为更大的试验提供动力。结直肠癌（CRC）筛查率在降低这种疾病的发病率方面仍然不太明显，因此需要使用动机结构来鼓励筛查。