Sibling Contagion for Smoking: Social & Genetic Influences in Early Adulthood

吸烟的兄弟姐妹传染：社会

• 批准号: 7425837
• 负责人: RICHARD RENDE
• 金额: $ 7.12万
• 依托单位: BUTLER HOSPITAL (PROVIDENCE, RI)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-15 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7425837
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Behavior; Behavioral Genetics; Biological; Candidate Disease Gene; Cigarette; Complex; Consumption; DRD2 gene; Data; Data Analyses; Detection; Development; Disease; Drug abuse; Emotional; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Exposure to; Family; Gender; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Risk; Health; Heritability; Influentials; Intervention; Learning; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Modeling; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Parents; Pathway interactions; Phenotype; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Prevention intervention; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Proxy; Public Health; Relative (related person); Research; Resistance; Rewards; Risk Factors; Sampling; Series; Siblings; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Social Environment; Social Reinforcement; Source; Stratification; Testing; Twin Multiple Birth; Work; Youth; abstracting; age difference; base; contagion; design; experience; gene environment interaction; novel; peer; programs; reinforcer; sibling influence; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): 6. Project Summary / Abstract Cigarette use is one of the most potent public health risk factors for disease and represents a potentially modifiable form of drug abuse. However, despite substantial efforts to reduce the use of cigarettes in youth, initiation of smoking in adolescence and progression to more regular use in the transition to adulthood continues at unacceptable levels. Both genetic and environmental factors have been shown to exert substantial effects on the likelihood to initiate smoking in adolescence and progress to higher levels of smoking intensity in early adulthood. This proposal focuses on an integrated model that positions sibling contagion for smoking at the interface of social and genetic risk for smoking. Exposure to sibling smoking represents a robust risk factor for smoking initiation that typically exceeds the effects of parent smoking and contributes independent of peer smoking, and prior work suggests that such sibling contagion reflects shared environmental effects driven by level of sibling connectedness. In this proposal, we seek to expand this work to conduct novel longitudinal analyses of sibling contagion for smoking spanning adolescence and emerging adulthood in a genetically-informative sample participating in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). We propose to provide new data on the relative contributions of genes and environment on sibling connectedness in early adulthood and to test the extent to which there are unique shared environmental effects during this developmental period along with continuity of effects from adolescence. A series of models are provided to examine the evidence for sibling contagion via level of connectedness on smoking in early adulthood, with emphasis on detection of unique proximal environmental effects in early adulthood as well as continuity of effects from adolescence. New evidence for gene-environment interaction (or moderation of heritability attributable to sibling connectedness) is hypothesized. The theme of gene- environment interaction is carried forward to incorporate candidate gene markers as proxies for genetic risk for smoking in early adulthood. This work will provide a much better understanding of the developmental continuities and discontinuities in the socializing effect of sibling contagion on smoking behavior in early adulthood and bridge links with genetic risk, a likely source of influence on smoking. The execution of the aims will yield novel targets for family-based intervention and prevention efforts during the transition from adolescence to early adulthood, the typical period of progression to levels of smoking that severely compromise health. In particular, as we learn more about the ways in which siblings can encourage each other's forays into risky and health compromising behaviors and provide social reinforcement that interacts with genetic propensity, we can start to devise intervention and prevention strategies that capitalize on the influence siblings have with each other to promote resistance to and desistance from smoking. 7. Project Narrative Relevance: Siblings represent one of the most influential interpersonal relationship through the lifespan and sibling smoking is a strong predictor of both smoking initiation and progression to regular smoking. This proposal attempts to understand both environmental and genetic pathways by which siblings influence each other's progression of smoking during adolescence and early adulthood, given that siblings share common environmental experiences as well as common genes. Successful completion of our study aims will yield novel targets for family-based intervention and prevention programs that may harness the strong emotional connection between siblings to promote resistance to smoke and successful quit attempts for those who have already started smoking.

描述（由申请人提供）：6。项目摘要/摘要香烟使用是疾病的最强有力的公共卫生风险因素之一，代表了一种潜在的可改变的药物滥用形式。然而，尽管为减少青少年吸烟作出了巨大努力，但青少年开始吸烟以及在向成年过渡期间逐渐更经常吸烟的情况仍然处于令人无法接受的水平。遗传和环境因素已被证明对青少年开始吸烟的可能性产生重大影响，并在成年早期发展到更高水平的吸烟强度。这项建议的重点是一个综合模型，位置吸烟的社会和遗传风险的接口兄弟姐妹传染。暴露于兄弟姐妹吸烟代表了一个强大的风险因素，吸烟开始，通常超过父母吸烟的影响，并有助于独立的同龄人吸烟，和以前的工作表明，这种兄弟姐妹传染反映了共同的环境影响的兄弟姐妹的连通性水平驱动。在这项提案中，我们试图扩大这项工作，在参加国家青少年健康纵向研究（添加健康）的遗传信息样本中，对跨越青春期和成年期的吸烟的兄弟姐妹传染进行新的纵向分析。我们建议提供新的数据的相对贡献的基因和环境的兄弟姐妹在成年早期的连通性，并测试在何种程度上有独特的共享环境的影响，在这一发展时期沿着从青春期的影响的连续性。提供了一系列的模型，以检查通过在成年早期吸烟的连通性水平的兄弟姐妹传染的证据，重点是检测独特的近端环境的影响，在成年早期以及从青春期的影响的连续性。新的证据，基因环境相互作用（或适度的遗传性归因于兄弟姐妹的连通性）的假设。基因-环境相互作用的主题被发扬光大，将候选基因标记作为成年早期吸烟遗传风险的代理。这项工作将提供一个更好的理解发展的连续性和不连续性的社会化影响的兄弟姐妹传染吸烟行为在成年早期和桥梁与遗传风险，一个可能的来源的影响吸烟。这些目标的实现将为从青春期到成年早期的过渡期内以家庭为基础的干预和预防工作产生新的目标，这是严重损害健康的吸烟水平发展的典型时期。特别是，当我们更多地了解兄弟姐妹可以鼓励彼此冒险和危害健康的行为，并提供与遗传倾向相互作用的社会强化的方式时，我们可以开始设计干预和预防策略，利用兄弟姐妹之间的影响力来促进抵抗和停止吸烟。7.项目叙述相关性：兄弟姐妹是影响一生的最重要的人际关系之一，兄弟姐妹吸烟是开始吸烟和发展为经常吸烟的强有力预测因素。这项建议试图了解环境和遗传途径，兄弟姐妹在青春期和成年早期相互影响吸烟的进展，因为兄弟姐妹有共同的环境经历和共同的基因。成功完成我们的研究目标将为以家庭为基础的干预和预防计划产生新的目标，这些计划可以利用兄弟姐妹之间强烈的情感联系来促进对吸烟的抵抗力，并为那些已经开始吸烟的人成功戒烟。