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Short-term synaptic plasticity and intensity coding in *

* 中的短期突触可塑性和强度编码

基本信息

批准号：
7318882
负责人：
KATRINA M MACLEOD
金额：
$ 7.21万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-12-15 至 2009-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7318882
关键词：
AMPA Receptors Abbreviations Accounting Acids Acoustic Nerve Acoustic Stimulation Acoustics Action Potentials Aminobutyric Acid Aminobutyric Acids Auditory Behavior Biological Models Birds Brain Brain Stem Cell Nucleus Cells Chickens Chromosome Pairing Cochlear Implants Cochlear nucleus Code Computer Simulation Depressed mood Development Embryo Excitatory Synapse Fire - disasters Frequencies Glutamate Receptor Hearing Heterogeneity In Vitro Individual Inferior Colliculus Isoxazoles Location Measures Medial Membrane Mental Depression Methods Modeling Nerve Neuraxis Neurons Output Polyamines Population Preparation Process Property Quality of life Rate Recovery Research Sensory Process Signal Transduction Simulate Slice Son Sound Localization Stimulus Stream Synapses Synaptic plasticity Testing Time Training Variant Work auditory stimulus cell type desensitization design gamma-Aminobutyric Acid implantable device improved in vitro Model in vivo patch clamp postsynaptic presynaptic research study response sound superior olivary nucleus transmission process trapezoid body voltage voltage clamp

项目摘要

Dynamic changes in synaptic amplitude over short time periods, known as short-term synaptic plasticity, may have profound effects on the transmission of information between neurons. Our recent results on the short-term synaptic plasticity properties in the avian cochlear nucleus angularis (NA) demonstrated a remarkable ability to transmit information at firing frequencies that cause severe depression at other excitatory synapses in the brain. Furthermore, the depressing and facilitating plasticity components appear to be tuned such that these synapses will transmit rate information linearly, which may be critical for the encoding of acoustic intensity information. We will take advantage of an established in vitro model for cellular studies of auditory function, the brainstem slice preparation from young chickens. Using intracellular electrophysiological recordings and computational modeling, we will investigate the mechanisms responsible for the short-term plasticity at the nerve to NA synapse. We will determine whether variations in the short-term synaptic plasticity expressed in different NA neurons might contribute to distinct processing streams within the auditory brainstem. We will investigate the implications of this short-term plasticity for auditory coding by stimulating with dynamic stimuli such as simulated amplitude-modulation signals. Finally, by using the dynamic clamp methods, we will investigate how synaptic inputs, and their dynamic modulation, combine with NA neuronal intrinsic properties to generate the action potential output. These experiments are critical to our understanding of intensity processing for localization and non-localization tasks, and offer an excellent opportunity to study the implications of short-term synaptic dynamics for sensory processing. This work also has broader implications for the development of improved cochlear implant devices to recover hearing in hearing-impaired people. The cochlear nucleus is the first receiving station in the central nervous system for auditory information. While our research is focused on basic properties, a better understanding of how sound information is transformed at the auditory nerve to cochlear nucleus connection will help guide the design of cochlear implants that can stimulate more efficient, enriched sound inputs, enhancing the quality of life for the hearing-impaired.

突触振幅在短时间内的动态变化，称为短期突触可塑性，可能对神经元之间的信息传递有深远的影响。我们最近的研究结果鸟类耳蜗角核（NA）的短期突触可塑性特性表明，以放电频率传递信息的非凡能力，导致其他人严重抑郁。大脑中的兴奋性突触此外，还出现了抑制塑性成分和促进塑性成分被调谐，使得这些突触将线性地传输速率信息，这对于声学强度信息的编码。我们将利用已建立的体外模型，听觉功能的细胞学研究，幼鸡脑干切片制备。使用细胞内电生理记录和计算建模，我们将研究机制负责神经到NA突触的短期可塑性。我们将确定是否有变化在不同的NA神经元表达的短期突触可塑性可能有助于不同的加工听觉脑干内的听觉流。我们将研究这种短期可塑性的含义，通过用诸如模拟调幅信号之类的动态刺激进行刺激来进行听觉编码。最后，通过使用动态钳方法，我们将研究突触输入如何，以及它们的动态在这种情况下，通过联合收割机与NA神经元内在特性结合以产生动作电位输出。这些实验对于我们理解局部化和非局部化的强度处理至关重要任务，并提供了一个很好的机会，研究短期突触动力学的影响，感觉处理这项工作对改进耳蜗植入装置的发展也有更广泛的影响，帮助听力受损的人恢复听力。耳蜗核是中央的第一个接收站听觉信息的神经系统。虽然我们的研究主要集中在基本属性上，但更好的了解声音信息如何在听神经与耳蜗核的连接处进行转换将有助于指导人工耳蜗的设计，以刺激更有效，更丰富的声音输入，提高听障人士的生活质素。