NEUROMORPHOMETRY IN SIBLINGS AT RISK FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA

对有精神分裂症风险的兄弟姐妹进行神经形态测量

• 批准号: 7476360
• 负责人: JOHN G CSERNANSKY
• 金额: $ 32.39万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7476360
• 关键词: Age; Anatomy; Automation; Brain; Cerebral cortex; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Set; Databases; Deformity; Development; Disease; Electrodes; Environmental Risk Factor; Genes; Genetic; Heritability; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Image; Inbred Mouse; Individual; Inferior frontal gyrus; Laboratories; Location; Macaca; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Methods; Neurosciences; Pathogenesis; Phenotype; Psychopathology; Recombinants; Relative (related person); Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Siblings; Structure; Testing; Thalamic structure; Thick; Validation; Variant; cingulate gyrus; computerized tools; concept; mecarzole; neuroimaging; proband; tool

Neuroanatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia may be attributable to genetic factors, environmental factors, or their interaction. Thus, neuroimaging studies of sibling pairs that vary in clinical, neuromorphological and genetic factors provide a powerful approach to evaluating brain structure abnormalities associated with schizophrenia. If specific genes underlie neurodevelopmental abnormalities involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, such genes could be discovered by examining the degree to which they segregate with brain structure abnormalities in schizophrenia probands and their siblings. Recently, we have developed computational tools for the analysis of brain structure that permit the detailed analysis of brain structure volumes and shapes. We have used these to compare the structure of the hippocampus and thalamus in schizophrenia subjects and matched controls, and in these studies, shape deformities were found to help discriminate between groups. In addition to these structures, we have now begun the assessement of specific regions of the cerebral cortex (i.e., cingulate gyrus, superior, middle and inferior frontal gyrus, and superior lingual gyrus). Because of their precision, computational tools for brain structure analysis should be an ideal method for discovering subtle abnormalities of brain structure in the nonpsychotic siblings of schizophrenia subjects. The specific aims of this Project are: Aim 1. To collect high resolution MR scans from 50 schizophrenia probands and 50 of their non-psychotic siblings who are within the age of risk for developing the disorder, and from 50 control subjects and 50 of their siblings; Aim 2. To test the hypothesis that measures of brain structure volume, thickness, shape and symmetry can discriminate groups of schizophrenia probands, the siblings of schizophrenia probands, control subjects and the siblings of control subjects; Aim 3. To estimate the heritability of the selected brain structure measures in both schizophrenia and control sibling pairs; Aim 4. To collect longitudinal data in all subjects, and to preliminarily test the hypothesis that neuromorphometric measures can be used to discriminate between siblings of schizophrenia probands that do and do not develop psychopathology during the period of study.

精神分裂症的神经解剖异常可能归因于遗传因素，环境因素或其相互作用。因此，在临床，神经形态和遗传因素上不同的兄弟姐妹对的神经影像学研究提供了一种有力的方法来评估与精神分裂症相关的脑结构异常。如果特定的基因是精神分裂症发病机理的神经发育异常的基础，则可以通过检查它们与精神分裂症探针中脑结构异常分离的程度来发现这种基因。 最近，我们开发了用于分析大脑结构的计算工具，允许对大脑结构体积和形状进行详细分析。我们已经使用它们比较了精神分裂症受试者和匹配的对照组中海马和丘脑的结构，并且在这些研究中，发现形状畸形有助于区分组之间。除了这些结构外，我们现在已经开始评估大脑皮层的特定区域（即，扣带回，上，上，中和下额回和上舌回）。由于其精确性，用于大脑结构分析的计算工具应该是发现非精神病学中脑结构微妙异常的理想方法 精神分裂症患者的兄弟姐妹。该项目的具体目的是：目标1。 从50个精神分裂症概率及其50个非精神病兄弟姐妹中的50个统一的MR扫描，这些兄弟姐妹在发生这种疾病风险之内，50名控制受试者和50个兄弟姐妹的兄弟姐妹。目的2。为了检验以下假设：大脑结构体积，厚度，形状和对称性可以区分精神分裂症概率的群体，精神分裂症概率的兄弟姐妹，对照对象和对照对象的兄弟姐妹；目的3。估计精神分裂症和对照兄弟姐妹对中所选大脑结构测量的遗传力；目的4。收集所有受试者的纵向数据，并初步检验以下假设：神经形态计量测量可用于区分研究期间在研究期间和不发展心理病理学的精神分裂症概率的兄弟姐妹。