Influence of Nicotine on Positive and Negative Affect in Smokers with PTSD

描述（由申请人提供）：这个指导培训奖的目的是建立候选人的独立研究生涯检查吸烟和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）之间的共病。候选人的长期目标是确定支持PTSD吸烟者尼古丁依赖的底物，以开发更有效地减少这一人群吸烟的量身定制的治疗方法。这些目标将通过正式的教学课程，研讨会，并在华盛顿大学和退伍军人管理局普吉特海湾医疗保健系统的实验室研究的实际表现来实现。尽管吸烟和PTSD之间存在很强的共病性，但人们对精神病人群中维持吸烟的机制知之甚少。两项研究探讨情感机制可能影响吸烟的创伤后应激障碍。研究1将1）表征急性尼古丁施用对情境诱导的积极情感和情境诱导的消极情感的影响，以及2）确定尼古丁的情绪影响在患有PTSD的吸烟者中是否比在没有PTSD的吸烟者中更明显。按照平衡顺序，患有PTSD的吸烟者（n = 50）和没有PTSD的吸烟者（n = 50）将经历三种积极和三种消极的基于实验室的情绪诱导，并结合：1）吸烟尼古丁香烟，2）吸烟脱尼古丁香烟，3）饮水。情绪诱导的积极和消极的情感反应的幅度将进行比较。研究2将检查尼古丁剥夺对积极情感和消极情感的影响是否在患有PTSD的吸烟者与没有PTSD的吸烟者之间被放大。参与研究1的吸烟者将停止吸烟48小时，同时通过电子日记评估积极影响，消极影响和渴望。此外，研究2将探讨两种可能影响吸烟者对尼古丁剥夺的情感反应的机制：1）依赖尼古丁调节情感（在研究1期间测量）和2）戒烟后皮质醇的变化。将在两天的常规吸烟和两天的尼古丁剥夺期间测量唾液cbrtisol。相关性：吸烟是死亡和残疾的头号可避免原因。据估计，PTSD影响了260万美国人，其中160万人是吸烟者。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this mentored training award is to establish the candidate's independent research career examining comorbidity between cigarette smoking and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The candidate's long-term goal is to identify substrates that underpin nicotine dependence in smokers with PTSD in order to develop tailored treatments that more effectively reduce smoking in this population. These goals will be accomplished through formal didactic coursework, seminars, and practical performance of a laboratory study at the University of Washington and the Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System. Despite strong comorbidity between smoking and PTSD, little is known about mechanisms maintaining smoking in this psychiatric population. Two studies examining affective mechanisms potentially influencing smoking in PTSD are proposed. Study 1 will 1) characterize effects of acute nicotine administration on situationally induced positive affect and situationally induced negative affect, and 2) determine whether nicotine's mood effects are more pronounced among smokers with PTSD versus smokers without PTSD. In counterbalanced order, smokers with PTSD (n = 50) and smokers without PTSD (n = 50) will undergo three positive and three negative laboratory-based mood inductions in combination with: 1) smoking a nicotinized cigarette, 2) smoking a denicotinized cigarette, and 3) drinking water. The magnitude of positive and negative affective responses to the mood inductions will be compared. Study 2 will examine whether the effects of nicotine deprivation on positive affect and negative affect are magnified among smokers with PTSD versus smokers without PTSD. Smokers who participated in Study 1 will stop smoking for 48 hours while being assessed for positive affect, negative affect, and craving via electronic diary. In addition, Study 2 will explore two mechanisms that potentially influence affective response to nicotine deprivation among smokers with PTSD: 1) reliance on nicotine to regulate affect (measured during Study 1) and 2) changes in cortisol after quitting smoking. Salivary cbrtisol will be measured over two days of regular smoking and two days of nicotine deprivation. RELEVANCE: Cigarette smoking is the number one avoidable cause of death and disability. It is estimated that PTSD affects 2.6 million Americans, and that 1.6 million of these patients are smokers.