Significance of mutations in human NOTCH1 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

描述(申请人提供)：最近的一项研究发现，在55%的人类T-ALL患者样本中激活了Notch1突变。这些新发现的突变分布在两个热点--异二聚化(HD)和PEST结构域。然而，每个突变的相对重要性和后果仍然是未知的和未被探索的。我的初步研究表明，HD热点中的单个激活突变不能在小鼠中诱导T-ALL，除非顺式基因中的害虫热点发生第二个突变。我将通过确定是否所有的HD突变都需要并发的PEST突变，以及通过在T-ALL的多步骤发病过程中识别协同致癌基因来跟踪这些观察结果。为了了解Notch启动和维持肿瘤发生的分子机制，我将表征Notch抑制对白血病细胞系增殖、存活和分化的影响，并利用这些信息开发一种系统的策略来测试从微阵列数据集产生的可能的靶基因。总之，这些研究不仅应该导致对T-ALL发病机制的更好的理解，而且还将确定治疗的新的治疗策略。 这份提案描述了一项为期5年的培训计划，旨在发展癌症生物学的学术生涯。提案中描述的实验将在沃伦·皮尔博士的指导下，为癌症研究提供使用和操作小鼠遗传模型系统的宝贵经验。Pear博士是艾布拉姆森家族癌症研究所的副教授，在操纵和分析白血病发生的动物模型方面拥有丰富的经验。最终，花在这个项目开发上的时间将在白血病发生领域建立一条探究路线，并将提供必要的技能，以确立我作为一名成功的内科科学家和独立研究人员的地位。 急性T淋巴细胞白血病仍然是儿童和成人的一种致命癌症，每三到四名患者中就有一名以上无法治愈。最近的一项突破性研究发现，大多数患有这种癌症的患者存在Notch1突变。我的研究试图揭示这些突变的意义，以及由这种突变引发的细胞内致癌分子事件，这可能会为治疗提供新的机会。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A recent study found activating Notch1 mutations in 55% of human T-ALL patient samples. These newly discovered mutations are distributed among two hotspots -- the heterodimerization (HD) and PEST domains. However, the relative importance and consequence of each mutation remains unknown and unexplored. My preliminary research suggests that a single activating mutation in the HD hotspot cannot induce T-ALL in mice unless a second mutation occurs in the PEST hotspot in cis. I will follow up on these observations by determining whether all HD mutations require concurrent PEST mutations and by identifying cooperating oncogenes during the multi-step pathogenesis of T-ALL. In order to understand the molecular mechanism by which Notch initiates and sustains oncogenesis, I will characterize the effect of Notch inhibition on the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of leukemic cell lines and use this information to develop a systematic strategy for testing putative target genes generated from microarray data sets. Together these studies should not only lead to an improved understanding of T-ALL pathogenesis but will also identify novel therapeutic strategies for treatment. This proposal describes a 5 year training program to develop an academic career in cancer biology. The experiments described in the proposal will provide valuable experience in the use and manipulation of murine genetic model systems for the study of cancer under the mentorship of Dr. Warren Pear. Dr. Pear is an associate professor at the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute with extensive experience in the manipulation and analysis of animal models of leukemogenesis. Ultimately, the time spent in the development of this project will establish a line of inquiry in the field of leukemogenesis and will provide the skills necessary to establish myself as a successful physician scientist and independent researcher. Acute T cell lymphoblastic leukemia remains a deadly cancer in children and adults which cannot be cured in more than one out of every three to four patients. A recent breakthrough study has identified Notch1 mutations in the majority of patients with this cancer. My research seeks to uncover the significance of these mutations and the cancer-causing molecular events in the cell that are triggered by this mutation, which may provide new opportunities for therapy.