Novel Zeolite Photocatalyst for Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated VOCs

用于氯化 VOC 还原脱氯的新型沸石光催化剂

• 批准号: 7404665
• 负责人: Susan Gail MacKay
• 金额: $ 10.24万
• 依托单位: ZEOMATRIX, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-15 至 2009-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7404665
• 关键词: Address; Adipose tissue; Adsorption; Affect; Area; Arts; Businesses; Carbon; Catalysis; Characteristics; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Chloroform; Compatible; Condition; Cost Analysis; Custom; Data; Department of Defense; Department of Energy; Deposition; Developed Countries; Development; Drug Formulations; Electrons; Engineering; Environment; Ethylene; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Human; Ion Exchange; Ionic Strengths; Kinetics; Knowledge; Laboratories; Left; Light; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Marketing; Metals; Methodology; Methods; Molds; Molecular; Nature; Numbers; Odors; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Performance; Phase; Phase II Clinical Trials; Pilot Projects; Probability; Production; Property; Protocols documentation; Range; Reaction; Research; Resistance; Resources; Sampling; Screening procedure; Site; Solar Energy; Solvents; Speed; Statistical Methods; Structure; Surveys; System; Technology; Testing; Tetrachloroethylene; Toxic effect; Trichloroethanes; Trichloroethylene; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Visible Radiation; Water; Water Supply; Zeolites; absorption; aluminosilicate; aqueous; base; carbon compound; catalyst; commercialization; cost; cost effective; dechlorination; design; high throughput screening; improved; innovation; instrumentation; landfill; metal oxide; molecular sieving; novel; pollutant; programs; prototype; remediation; research and development; research study; scale up; success; technological innovation; trend; ultraviolet; water quality

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Zeomatrix, a small business, is proposing to research and develop a remediation technology for chlorinated volatile organic carbons (CVOCs). CVOCs are ubiquitous groundwater pollutants. Left on their own they persist in nature for over 100 years. Most are toxic to humans, and some (including trichloroethylene) have been linked to cancer. A recently completed 17 year study by the United States Geological Survey found that chlorinated VOCs are present in nearly every aquifer in the United States. It is estimated that full scale remediation of these compounds in groundwater will cost in excess of $200 billion. The product being developed is a visible light photocatalyst which will promote the rapid reduction of CVOC compounds to less toxic materials. Current commercial photocatalysts are employed as oxidative catalysts, and thus they are less efficient at remediation in the presence of dissolved organic matter, a common component of groundwater. Zeomatrix utilizes high throughput screening methods to rapidly and cost effectively develop new photocatalysts. The Phase I research will be performed using custom-designed parallel photocatalyst screening instrumentation in order to evaluate a large number of candidate materials and identify the optimal reductive photocatalyst. The research will be focused on the following specific aims: one, to synthesize an array of catalyst support geometries based on design of experiments (DoE) protocol and using an automated deposition system custom-engineered by Zeomatrix to deposit various metal/metal oxide combinations and then screen for reductive photocatalytic activity under visible light; and, two, to screen the reductive photocatalysts selected from the initial screening experiments for activity versus chosen test compounds (trichloroethylene, trichloroethane), under a range of experimental conditions (pH, ionic strength, dissolve organic content). Selection of the optimal photocatalyst will be based on rapid degradation kinetics (turn over frequency), and efficacy under adverse conditions (high ionic strength, pH extremes, and high dissolved organic content). The results of the Phase I research will be used to determine the feasibility of applying the selected photocatalyst for the remediation of CVOCs. Phase II studies would be performed to further optimize the photocatalyst, and to perform a large scale pilot study on actual polluted groundwater. The combination of rapid kinetics with the use of low cost visible light would make this an attractive remediation option to address the extensive problem of CVOC contamination. The goal of this research is the development of a novel remediation technology for the break down of chlorinated volatile organic carbons in water. Chlorinated volatile organic carbons are found in nearly every aquifer in the US. Left on their own they persist in nature for over 100 years. Most are toxic to humans, and they accumulate in fatty tissue making them a danger to human health even at low levels. Some have been linked to cancer and over twenty are currently regulated in public water supplies by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

描述(申请人提供)：Zeomatrix是一家小型企业，正在提议研究和开发一种氯化挥发性有机碳(CVOCs)的修复技术。CVOCs是一种普遍存在的地下水污染物。让它们自生自灭，它们在大自然中坚持了100多年。大多数对人类是有毒的，一些(包括三氯乙烯)与癌症有关。美国地质调查局最近完成的一项长达17年的研究发现，美国几乎每个含水层中都存在氯化VOCs。据估计，全面修复地下水中这些化合物的费用将超过2000亿美元。正在开发的产品是一种可见光催化剂，它将促进CVOC化合物快速还原为毒性较低的材料。目前商用的光催化剂被用作氧化催化剂，因此在存在溶解有机物的情况下修复效率较低，而溶解有机物是地下水的常见成分。Zeomatrix利用高通量筛选方法快速且经济高效地开发新型光催化剂。第一阶段的研究将使用定制设计的并行光催化剂筛选仪器进行，以评估大量候选材料并确定最佳还原光催化剂。这项研究将集中于以下具体目标：第一，根据实验设计(DOE)协议和使用Zeomatrix定制的自动沉积系统合成一系列催化剂载体几何形状，以沉积各种金属/金属氧化物组合，然后筛选在可见光下的还原光催化活性；第二，从初步筛选实验中筛选出与选定测试化合物(三氯乙烯、三氯乙烷)在一系列实验条件(pH、离子强度、溶解有机物含量)下的还原活性光催化剂。最佳光催化剂的选择将基于快速降解动力学(翻转频率)和在不利条件下的效率(高离子强度、极端pH和高溶解有机含量)。第一阶段研究的结果将用于确定应用选定的光催化剂修复CVOCs的可行性。将进行第二阶段研究，以进一步优化光催化剂，并对实际污染的地下水进行大规模中试研究。快速动力学与低成本可见光的使用相结合，将使其成为一个有吸引力的补救选择，以解决CVOC污染的广泛问题。 这项研究的目标是开发一种新的修复技术来分解水中的氯化挥发性有机碳。在美国几乎每个含水层中都发现了氯化挥发性有机碳。让它们自生自灭，它们在大自然中坚持了100多年。大多数对人类都是有毒的，它们会在脂肪组织中积累，即使含量很低，也会对人类健康构成威胁。其中一些与癌症有关，目前有20多个公共供水受到美国环境保护局的监管。