Novel Polymer Coatings to Prevent Biofilms on Urinary Stents and Catheters

描述（由申请人提供）： 项目概要/摘要 新型聚合物涂层用于预防泌尿支架和导管上的生物膜 几乎所有留置导尿管或导尿管的患者都会出现细菌感染和结垢问题。对于支架来说，这些问题是如此普遍和严重，以至于支架至少每六个月更换一次。考虑到每年约有1亿个导尿管和泌尿支架被放置在患者体内，每年发生数百万起与器械相关的感染。在这些泌尿装置的表面上形成的生物膜是大多数感染和结壳的来源，因为病原菌在生物膜产生的保护性环境中茁壮成长。当尿液中的可溶性蛋白质和其他大分子非特异性吸附到装置表面时，生物膜形成在植入后几分钟内开始。这些大分子为致病菌提供了一个锚，然后致病菌又招募了其他细菌。最终，一个由多种病原菌组成的菌落在分泌的外聚合物的“粘液层”的保护下发展起来。 已经进行了许多尝试来对抗泌尿外科装置上的细菌感染和生物膜形成，并且已经取得了不同的成功。拟议的第一阶段研究是一种防止泌尿支架和导管上生物膜形成的新方法，该方法利用海洋贻贝分泌的粘附蛋白的关键成分将自己束缚在水下表面。这种持久的、具有成本效益的方法是非浸出的（即不释放任何杀生物剂或抗生素）、生物相容性、加工简单并且易于应用于泌尿装置表面。 本研究的主要目的是确定以下可行性：（1）化学合成耐用且持久的新型生物可降解聚合物，（2）改性泌尿装置表面，以及（3）在静态和动态条件下防止生物膜形成。在本I期研究中，我们将建立上述聚合物吸附并抑制细菌附着和结壳的原理证明，这些细菌附着和结壳是用于制造泌尿装置的材料类型。 项目叙述 新型聚合物涂层用于预防泌尿支架和导管上的生物膜 导尿管和支架可以是挽救生命的医疗设备，但设备上的细菌生物膜生长可能导致危险的感染。目前防止生物膜的方法昂贵，通常无效，并且可能促进抗生素耐药性。我们提出的涂层技术将在没有抗生素或杀生物剂的情况下，可靠且廉价地阻止生物膜的形成。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract Novel Polymer Coatings to Prevent Biofilms on Urinary Stents and Catheters Nearly all patients with indwelling urinary stents or catheters experience bacterial infections and problems with encrustation. For stents, these problems are so common and so severe that stents are replaced at least every six months. Considering that about 100 million urethral catheters and urinary stents are placed in patients each year, millions of device-associated infections occur annually. Biofilms formed on the surface of these urinary devices are the source of most infections and encrustations, because pathogenic bacteria thrive within the protective environment biofilms create. Biofilm formation starts within minutes of implantation when soluble proteins and other macromolecules from the urine non-specifically adsorb to the device surface. These macromolecules provide an anchor for pathogenic bacteria, which then recruit other bacteria. Eventually a colony of multiple pathogenic bacteria, protected by a "slime layer" of secreted exopolymers, develops. Many attempts have been made to combat bacterial infection and biofilm formation on urological devices, and have met with varied success. The proposed Phase I research is a new approach to prevent biofilm formation on urinary stents and catheters which exploits key components of the adhesive proteins that marine mussels secrete to tether themselves to underwater surfaces. This long-lasting, cost-effective approach is non-leaching (i.e. does not release any biocides or antibiotics), biocompatible, simple to process, and easy to apply to urinary device surfaces. The primary objectives of this research are to establish the feasibility of (1) chemically synthesizing new antifouling polymers that are durable and long-lasting, (2) modifying the surfaces of urinary devices, and (3) preventing biofilm formation under static and dynamic conditions. In this Phase I study, we will establish the proof of principle that the polymers described above will adsorb to and then inhibit bacterial attachment and encrustation on the types of materials used to manufacture urinary devices. Project Narrative Novel Polymer Coatings to Prevent Biofilms on Urinary Stents and Catheters Urinary catheters and stents can be life-saving medical devices, but bacterial biofilm growth on the device can cause dangerous infections. Current methods to prevent biofilms are expensive, often ineffective, and can promote antibiotic resistance. Our proposed coating technology will, without antibiotics or biocides, potentially block biofilm formation reliably and inexpensively.