DARTMOUTH COL COBRE: P4: RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 中心，不一定是研究者的机构。 环境暴露于空气中的颗粒物质已被牵连在临床上显着的哮喘和呼吸窘迫的急剧增加。一些正在进行的监测研究表明，东北地区城市和农村地区的环境和室内颗粒物浓度和成分存在变异。本项目将通过调查以下特定假设来满足这一需求：暴露于在东北地区城市、农村和人为源特定监测点收集的空气颗粒物中含有独特的成分，在肺上皮中产生不同的病理蛋白质谱。这种影响肺部生物学的差异能力在新罕布什尔州和整个东北地区促进了不成比例的呼吸健康影响。这项工作将提供定性和定量证据，以协助决策者确定现有标准是否足以保护不成比例的受影响人群，特别是那些接触重型柴油设备操作燃烧产物的个人。 美国环境保护局为了支持最近的道路和非道路柴油发动机排放标准，得出的结论是，石油柴油发动机产生的细颗粒物浓度占美国环境细颗粒物总浓度的4 - 53%。 我们的重点是表征石油柴油和生物柴油燃料产生的排放物中的暴露变异性和颗粒物组成。 许多对可再生能源和家用能源感兴趣的组织已经从石油柴油转向生物柴油混合物，用于运输和重型设备。 虽然有相当多的证据表明，在职业环境中暴露于石油柴油废气会对健康产生负面影响，但很少有研究探讨改用生物柴油可能对工人健康和当地环境产生的影响。 该项目将采用既有的工业卫生和环境空气监测方法相结合，以估计石油柴油和生物柴油的职业暴露概况以及设施对当地环境空气污染的相对贡献。 随着公众对石油柴油排放的关注日益增加，以及控制职业暴露的监管措施有限，有必要进行更多的研究，以检查生物柴油作为替代燃料的潜力，以降低对工人健康和环境的风险。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Environmental exposure to airborne particle matter has been implicated in the dramatic increase in clinically significant asthma and respiratory distress. A number of on-going monitoring studies have demonstrated variability in ambient and indoor concentrations and composition of particulate matter in urban and rural areas of the Northeast region. This project will address this need by investigating the specific hypothesis that exposure to airborne particles collected at urban, rural and anthropogenic source specific monitoring sites in the northeast region contain unique composition, which produce distinct pathological protein profiles in lung epithelium. This differential ability to affect lung biology promotes disproportionate respiratory health impacts in the State of New Hampshire and across the northeast region. This work will provide qualitative and quantitative evidence to assist policy-makers as they attempt to determine whether existing standards are adequately protective for disproportionately affected populations, particularly for those individuals exposed to combustion products from heavy duty diesel equipment operations. The United States Environmental Protection Agency, in support of recent on road and nonroad diesel engine emission standards, concluded that petroleum diesel engines produce between 4-53% of the total ambient fine particulate matter concentrations in the United States. Our focus is to characterize the exposure variability and particulate matter composition in emissions generated by petroleum diesel and biodiesel fuels. Many organizations interested in a renewable and domestic source of energy have switched from petroleum diesel to biodiesel blends for transportation and heavy-duty equipment use. While there is a considerable body of evidence on the negative health effects of petroleum diesel exhaust exposures in occupational settings, there has been little research examining the effects switching to biodiesel may have on worker health and the local environment. This project will employ a combination of established industrial hygiene and environmental air monitoring methods to estimate petroleum diesel and biodiesel occupational exposure profiles as well as the facility's relative contribution to local ambient air pollution. With increasing public health concern regarding petroleum diesel emissions, and limited regulatory initiatives to control occupational exposures, more research is necessary to examine biodiesel's potential as a substitute fuel that may reduce risk to both worker health and the environment.