Developmental effects of early-life exposure to airborne PAHs.

生命早期接触空气中的多环芳烃对发育的影响。

• 批准号: 7736212
• 负责人: FREDERICA P PERERA
• 金额: $ 46.78万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7736212
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Affect; African American; Age; Age-Years; Air; Air Pollution; All-Trans-Retinol; Antioxidants; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Birth; Blood; C10; CYP1A1 gene; CYP1B1 gene; Carotenoids; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Cohort Studies; Complement component C1s; Cotinine; Data; Demographic Factors; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Dominican; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Environmental Pollution; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Fetal Growth; Fossil Fuels; GSTM1 gene; GSTP1 gene; GSTT1 gene; Gender; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Glutathione S-Transferase; Haplotypes; Home environment; Impairment; Individual; Intake; Intelligence; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Life; Lipids; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mercury; Metabolic Activation; Micronutrients; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Mothers; Motor; Neurocognitive; Neurodevelopmental Deficit; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurodevelopmental Problem; New York City; Newborn Infant; Nursery Schools; Nutritional; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Pattern; Performance; Plasma; Poland; Policies; Polishes; Population; Population Study; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prevention; Problem behavior; Questionnaires; Readiness; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Testing; Time; Tocopherols; Toxicant exposure; Urine; Variant; air monitoring; base; behavior test; cohort; depressed; developmental disease; evidence base; experience; follow-up; high risk; mental development; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; neurotoxic; pollutant; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prospective; public health relevance; response; socioeconomics; sound; stem; toxicant; trend; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): Further research is needed to inform new policy initiatives to reduce the burden of developmental impairment in children. We propose to extend and enrich a molecular epidemiologic prospective cohort study launched in 2000 to assess the longer-term neurobehavioral effects of prenatal exposure to PAHs in children. PAHs are ubiquitous in urban air from combustion of fossil fuel. The study population is unique, comprising more than 400 Caucasian mothers and children residing in Krakow, Poland who have been followed since pregnancy. Follow-up of the cohort is required because we have observed significant adverse effects of prenatal exposures to PAHs on child development among children followed through age five. We have also observed marked inter-individual variation in response to the same levels of exposure, indicating susceptibility due to genetic or nutritional factors. Because the retention rate in this cohort has been high, we are readily able to extend the study through school age (age nine), allowing us to diagnose neurodevelopmental problems that may ultimately impact learning and academic performance. Our primary aim is to determine the effect of prenatal exposures to airborne PAHs on neurobehavioral development from birth through age nine years of age, after controlling for the effects of postnatal PAH exposure, known determinants of child development, and potential confounders. Our secondary aims will be to explore the modifying roles of a) genetic polymorphisms in metabolic activation and detoxification genes and b) lipid- soluble micronutrient concentrations in cord and maternal blood on the associations between prenatal PAH exposure and neurobehavioral development through age nine years. We will also compare results from this cohort study in Caucasians with those from African Americans and Dominicans in our parallel study being conducted in New York City. There are few such comprehensive cohort studies beginning in pregnancy that can provide needed policy-relevant information on neurodevelopmental risks from common urban pollutants. We anticipate that this study will provide a sound evidence-base not only on air pollution exposures, but also on susceptibility factors which may contribute to the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Rates of developmental disorders have increased in children over the past decade and prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been implicated. The results of this cohort study will address a major gap in knowledge. The exposures we are studying are not unique to Poland but are ubiquitous worldwide; our results will thus be generalizable to other geographic and ethnic populations.

描述（调查人员提供）：需要进一步的研究来为新的政策举措提供信息，以减轻儿童发育障碍的负担。我们建议扩展和丰富2000年启动的一项分子流行病学前瞻性队列研究，以评估儿童产前暴露于PAH的长期神经行为影响。 PAH在化石燃料的燃烧中无处不在的城市空气。该研究人群是独一无二的，包括400多名居住在波兰克拉科夫的高加索母亲和儿童自怀孕以来一直受到关注。需要对队列的随访，因为我们已经观察到产前暴露于PAHS对儿童发育的严重不利影响，遵循五岁的儿童。我们还观察到对相同暴露水平的响应，明显的个体间差异，表明由于遗传或营养因素而引起的敏感性。由于该队列中的保留率很高，因此我们很容易将研究扩展到学龄（9岁），从而使我们能够诊断出可能最终影响学习和学习成绩的神经发育问题。我们的主要目的是确定在控制产后PAH暴露的影响之后，对空气中PAH的产前暴露对从出生到九岁的神经行为发育的影响，是儿童发育的已知决定因素和潜在的混杂因素。我们的次要目的是探索a）a）遗传多态性在代谢激活和解毒基因中的作用，b）在脐带和母体血液中脂溶性微量营养素浓度与产前PAH暴露与神经ba虫的相关性之间的关联到九年龄。我们还将在我们在纽约市进行的平行研究中，将这项在高加索人的队列研究的结果与非裔美国人和多米尼加人的结果进行比较。从怀孕开始，很少有这样的全面队列研究可以提供有关普通城市污染物的神经发育风险所需的与政策相关的信息。我们预计，这项研究将不仅为空气污染暴露，而且还提供可能导致神经发育障碍风险的易感因素。公共卫生相关性：在过去的十年中，儿童的发育障碍率有所提高，并且在环境污染物（例如多环芳烃（PAHS））的产前暴露率已涉及。这项队列研究的结果将解决知识的主要差距。我们正在研究的曝光不是波兰独有的，而是全球无处不在的。因此，我们的结果将可以推广到其他地理和种族人口。