Developmental effects of early-life exposure to airborne PAHs.

生命早期接触空气中的多环芳烃对发育的影响。

• 批准号: 7736212
• 负责人: FREDERICA P PERERA
• 金额: $ 46.78万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7736212
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Affect; African American; Age; Age-Years; Air; Air Pollution; All-Trans-Retinol; Antioxidants; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Birth; Blood; C10; CYP1A1 gene; CYP1B1 gene; Carotenoids; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Cohort Studies; Complement component C1s; Cotinine; Data; Demographic Factors; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Dominican; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Environmental Pollution; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Fetal Growth; Fossil Fuels; GSTM1 gene; GSTP1 gene; GSTT1 gene; Gender; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Glutathione S-Transferase; Haplotypes; Home environment; Impairment; Individual; Intake; Intelligence; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Life; Lipids; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mercury; Metabolic Activation; Micronutrients; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Mothers; Motor; Neurocognitive; Neurodevelopmental Deficit; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurodevelopmental Problem; New York City; Newborn Infant; Nursery Schools; Nutritional; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Pattern; Performance; Plasma; Poland; Policies; Polishes; Population; Population Study; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prevention; Problem behavior; Questionnaires; Readiness; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Testing; Time; Tocopherols; Toxicant exposure; Urine; Variant; air monitoring; base; behavior test; cohort; depressed; developmental disease; evidence base; experience; follow-up; high risk; mental development; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; neurotoxic; pollutant; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prospective; public health relevance; response; socioeconomics; sound; stem; toxicant; trend; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): Further research is needed to inform new policy initiatives to reduce the burden of developmental impairment in children. We propose to extend and enrich a molecular epidemiologic prospective cohort study launched in 2000 to assess the longer-term neurobehavioral effects of prenatal exposure to PAHs in children. PAHs are ubiquitous in urban air from combustion of fossil fuel. The study population is unique, comprising more than 400 Caucasian mothers and children residing in Krakow, Poland who have been followed since pregnancy. Follow-up of the cohort is required because we have observed significant adverse effects of prenatal exposures to PAHs on child development among children followed through age five. We have also observed marked inter-individual variation in response to the same levels of exposure, indicating susceptibility due to genetic or nutritional factors. Because the retention rate in this cohort has been high, we are readily able to extend the study through school age (age nine), allowing us to diagnose neurodevelopmental problems that may ultimately impact learning and academic performance. Our primary aim is to determine the effect of prenatal exposures to airborne PAHs on neurobehavioral development from birth through age nine years of age, after controlling for the effects of postnatal PAH exposure, known determinants of child development, and potential confounders. Our secondary aims will be to explore the modifying roles of a) genetic polymorphisms in metabolic activation and detoxification genes and b) lipid- soluble micronutrient concentrations in cord and maternal blood on the associations between prenatal PAH exposure and neurobehavioral development through age nine years. We will also compare results from this cohort study in Caucasians with those from African Americans and Dominicans in our parallel study being conducted in New York City. There are few such comprehensive cohort studies beginning in pregnancy that can provide needed policy-relevant information on neurodevelopmental risks from common urban pollutants. We anticipate that this study will provide a sound evidence-base not only on air pollution exposures, but also on susceptibility factors which may contribute to the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Rates of developmental disorders have increased in children over the past decade and prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been implicated. The results of this cohort study will address a major gap in knowledge. The exposures we are studying are not unique to Poland but are ubiquitous worldwide; our results will thus be generalizable to other geographic and ethnic populations.

描述（由研究者提供）：需要进一步的研究来为新的政策举措提供信息，以减轻儿童发育障碍的负担。我们建议扩展和丰富2000年启动的分子流行病学前瞻性队列研究，以评估产前暴露于多环芳烃对儿童的长期神经行为影响。由于化石燃料的燃烧，多环芳烃在城市空气中无处不在。研究人群是独特的，包括400多名居住在波兰克拉科夫的高加索母亲和孩子，他们从怀孕开始就被跟踪。需要对队列进行随访，因为我们已经观察到产前暴露于多环芳烃对儿童发育的显著不利影响，这些儿童一直随访到5岁。我们还观察到，对相同暴露水平的反应存在显著的个体间差异，表明遗传或营养因素导致的易感性。由于这个队列的保留率很高，我们很容易将研究扩展到学龄期（9岁），从而使我们能够诊断可能最终影响学习和学业表现的神经发育问题。我们的主要目的是在控制了出生后多环芳烃暴露的影响、已知的儿童发育决定因素和潜在的混杂因素后，确定产前暴露于空气中多环芳烃对出生到9岁的神经行为发育的影响。我们的第二个目标将是探索a)代谢激活和解毒基因的遗传多态性和b)脐带和母亲血液中脂溶性微量营养素浓度在产前多环芳烃暴露与9岁前神经行为发育之间的关系中的调节作用。我们还将比较白种人队列研究的结果与我们在纽约市进行的平行研究中来自非洲裔美国人和多米尼加人的结果。很少有这种从怀孕开始的全面队列研究，可以提供有关常见城市污染物对神经发育风险的必要政策相关信息。我们期望这项研究不仅能为空气污染暴露提供可靠的证据基础，还能为可能导致神经发育障碍风险的易感因素提供可靠的证据基础。公共卫生相关性：在过去十年中，儿童发育障碍率有所增加，产前暴露于环境污染物，如多环芳烃（PAHs）。这项队列研究的结果将解决一个主要的知识差距。我们所研究的暴露并不是波兰独有的，而是全世界普遍存在的；因此，我们的结果将推广到其他地理和种族人群。