Genetics of Polygenic Obesity

在英国，肥胖（以体重指数30kg/m2来定义）接近流行病的比例，估计三分之一的人口在短短几年内受到影响。肥胖易患2型糖尿病、冠状动脉疾病、骨关节炎和某些癌症，导致预期寿命显著缩短，尤其是年轻肥胖者。儿童肥胖现在影响着5-10岁年龄组中20-30%的儿童。尽管营养不良和久坐不动的生活方式在最近的这种流行病中发挥了主要作用，但严重和早发的肥胖形式都有很强的遗传基础，是生活在“致肥性”环境中的个体DNA变异的累积效应的结果。环境。换句话说，有遗传倾向的儿童是我们有害生活方式的第一个也是最受影响的受害者。确定肥胖和相关的糖尿病基因和风险标志将为预防和治疗糖尿病提供重要信息，从而显著提高英国人的生活质量和生产力。

In the UK obesity (defined by a Body Mass Index 30kg/m2) is nearing epidemic proportions, with estimates of 1/3 of the population being affected within only a few years. Obesity predisposes to type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, osteoarthritis and some cancers leading to a significant reduction in life expectancy, especially in the young obese. Childhood obesity now affects 20-30% of children in the 5-10 years old age group. Although bad nutrition and sedentary lifestyle play a major role in this recent epidemics, severe and early onset forms of obesity both have a strong genetic basis and result from the cumulative effects of DNA variation in individuals living within an ?obesogenic? environment. In other words, genetically predisposed children are the first and most affected victims of our deleterious way of life. Identifying obesity and associated diabetes genes and risk bimarkers will provide vital information for the prevention and treatment of the condition, resulting in significant improvements in the quality of life and productivity in the UK population.