INFECTIOUS DISEASE/BASIC MICROBIAL PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 随着40-50年前普遍可用的抗生素治疗的出现，许多医生和科学家预测传染病作为健康问题的主要领域的结束。随后的事件证明这一预测是错误的，过去几十年来，许多新发现的传染病，包括莱姆病、埃立克体病、SARS、西尼罗河脑炎、禽流感和艾滋病毒，都成为主要的健康问题。疟疾和细菌感染等旧的传染病以新的更致命和更耐抗生素的形式重新出现，也增加了公众对传染病造成的健康问题的关注。微生物生物恐怖主义的威胁也已成为最突出的问题。很少有一个星期没有关于新的传染病爆发的令人不安的头条新闻。因此，传染病作为一个健康问题非但没有逐渐消失，反而在过去十年中对国家健康问题的重要性比以往更大。当前病原体的抗生素耐药性、新病原体的发现以及生物恐怖主义的幽灵都清楚地表明，有必要加强对传染病各个方面的基础科学调查。华盛顿大学传染病/基本微生物发病机制培训计划的目的是通过招募有前途的年轻研究人员到这一领域，并在杰出的研究计划中与杰出的研究人员一起培训他们来帮助满足这一需求，这些研究人员跨多个学科合作（或在跨学科团队中发挥作用）进行传染病研究。我们的培训计划在过去的25年里一直得到NIH的支持，整合了来自四个部门的教师：医学，儿科，分子微生物学和病理学与免疫学。该项目为医学博士提供培训，博士，M.D.博士博士后研究员和博士M.D.博士学生，在传染病的发病机理和宿主防御相关学科。项目导师的实验室使用分子生物学、生物化学、遗传学、基因组学、免疫学和细胞生物学的工具。临床研究部分包括流行病学，生物统计学，临床试验，成果研究，卫生经济学，健康行为研究和信息学工具和方法，以培养面向患者和翻译研究人员。因此，该计划培养年轻的研究人员能够回答微生物发病机制的重要问题，从基础生物学研究到应用到床边。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. With the advent of generally available antibiotic therapy 40-50 years ago, many physicians and scientists predicted the end of infectious diseases as a major area of health concern. Subsequent events have proven this prediction wrong, and the past decades have seen the emergence of many newly identified infectious diseases, including Lyme Disease, erlichiosis, SARS, West Nile encephalitis, avian influenza, and HIV, as major health problems. The reemergence of old infectious diseases, such as malaria and bacterial infections, in new more virulent and more antibiotic resistant forms also has increased public attention on the health problems posed by infectious diseases. The threat of microbial bioterrorism has also come to the forefront. It is rare that a week goes by without some troubling headline concerning new infectious disease outbreaks. Thus, far from gradual disappearance as a health concern, infectious diseases have emerged in the past decade as being of even greater importance to the health concerns of the nation than previously. The emerging antibiotic resistance of current pathogens, the discovery of new disease agents, and the specter of bioterrorism have made clear the necessity of increased fundamental scientific investigation into all aspects of infectious diseases. The purpose of the Washington University Training Program in Infectious Diseases/Basic Microbial Pathogenesis is to help fulfill this need by recruiting promising young investigators to this field and training them in outstanding research programs with preeminent investigators who collaborate across multiple disciplines (or who function in interdisciplinary teams) to perform infectious disease research. Our Training Program, which has had NIH support for the past 25 years, integrates faculty from four departments: Medicine, Pediatrics, Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology. The program provides training to M.D., Ph.D., and M.D./Ph.D. postdoctoral fellows, and to Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. students, in disciplines related to pathogenesis and host defense in Infectious Diseases. The laboratories of the program preceptors use tools of molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, genomics, immunology, and cell biology. The clinical research component includes epidemiology, biostatistics, clinical trials, outcomes research, health economics, health behavior research and informatics tools and methods to train patient-oriented and translational researchers. Thus, the program trains young investigators to be able to answer the important questions of microbial pathogenesis, from studies of basic biology through application to the bedside.