INFECTIOUS DISEASE/BASIC MICROBIAL PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 随着四五十年前普遍存在的抗生素疗法的出现，许多医生和科学家预测传染病的终结是一个主要的健康问题。后来的事件证明这一预测是错误的，在过去的几十年里，许多新发现的传染病出现，包括莱姆病、埃立克病、SARS、西尼罗河脑炎、禽流感和艾滋病毒，作为主要的健康问题。疟疾和细菌感染等旧传染病以新的、更具毒性和更具抗药性的形式重新出现，也增加了公众对传染病造成的健康问题的关注。微生物生物恐怖主义的威胁也已经走到了前列。很少有一周没有关于新的传染病爆发的令人不安的头条新闻。因此，传染病不仅没有作为一种健康问题逐渐消失，反而在过去十年中出现，对国家的健康问题比以前更加重要。当前病原体的抗生素耐药性的出现、新病原体的发现以及生物恐怖主义的幽灵清楚地表明，有必要加强对传染病各个方面的基础科学调查。华盛顿大学传染病/基础微生物病原学培训计划的目的是帮助满足这一需求，方法是招募有前途的年轻研究人员进入该领域，并在杰出的研究项目中培训他们，这些杰出的研究人员跨多个学科合作(或在跨学科团队中发挥作用)进行传染病研究。我们的培训计划在过去25年里一直得到NIH的支持，汇集了来自四个系的教师：内科、儿科、分子微生物学和病理学与免疫学。该计划为医学博士、博士和医学博士/博士研究生以及博士和医学/博士学生提供与传染病发病机制和宿主防御相关的学科培训。项目负责人的实验室使用了分子生物学、生物化学、遗传学、基因组学、免疫学和细胞生物学的工具。临床研究部分包括流行病学、生物统计学、临床试验、结果研究、卫生经济学、卫生行为研究以及培训面向患者和转化型研究人员的信息学工具和方法。因此，该计划培训年轻的研究人员能够回答微生物发病机制的重要问题，从基础生物学研究到应用到床边。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. With the advent of generally available antibiotic therapy 40-50 years ago, many physicians and scientists predicted the end of infectious diseases as a major area of health concern. Subsequent events have proven this prediction wrong, and the past decades have seen the emergence of many newly identified infectious diseases, including Lyme Disease, erlichiosis, SARS, West Nile encephalitis, avian influenza, and HIV, as major health problems. The reemergence of old infectious diseases, such as malaria and bacterial infections, in new more virulent and more antibiotic resistant forms also has increased public attention on the health problems posed by infectious diseases. The threat of microbial bioterrorism has also come to the forefront. It is rare that a week goes by without some troubling headline concerning new infectious disease outbreaks. Thus, far from gradual disappearance as a health concern, infectious diseases have emerged in the past decade as being of even greater importance to the health concerns of the nation than previously. The emerging antibiotic resistance of current pathogens, the discovery of new disease agents, and the specter of bioterrorism have made clear the necessity of increased fundamental scientific investigation into all aspects of infectious diseases. The purpose of the Washington University Training Program in Infectious Diseases/Basic Microbial Pathogenesis is to help fulfill this need by recruiting promising young investigators to this field and training them in outstanding research programs with preeminent investigators who collaborate across multiple disciplines (or who function in interdisciplinary teams) to perform infectious disease research. Our Training Program, which has had NIH support for the past 25 years, integrates faculty from four departments: Medicine, Pediatrics, Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology. The program provides training to M.D., Ph.D., and M.D./Ph.D. postdoctoral fellows, and to Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. students, in disciplines related to pathogenesis and host defense in Infectious Diseases. The laboratories of the program preceptors use tools of molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, genomics, immunology, and cell biology. The clinical research component includes epidemiology, biostatistics, clinical trials, outcomes research, health economics, health behavior research and informatics tools and methods to train patient-oriented and translational researchers. Thus, the program trains young investigators to be able to answer the important questions of microbial pathogenesis, from studies of basic biology through application to the bedside.