Measuring the effects of In-Place Subsidized Housing: A Randomized Experiment for

描述（由申请人提供）：从公共卫生的角度来看，搬到补贴住房、不那么贫困的社区、低犯罪率的住房开发或更多混合收入的环境中，可能会减少低收入儿童和家庭与非低收入家庭之间的健康差距。儿童和青少年可能特别受到住房的影响，因为他们大部分时间是在当地便利设施和机构的可及性和质量很重要的家庭社区度过的，而且因为他们受到父母对居住地点的反应的影响。我们建议的重点是接受就地补贴住房，这可能有助于通过多种途径改善高危青年的健康和发展轨迹。拟议的实验研究将利用纽约市住房保护和发展部的抽签系统来确定符合我们研究标准的治疗和控制家庭。小组分配将包括有孩子的家庭，他们将搬进11个新建住房点之一的补贴公寓（治疗组），以及匹配的没有住房的家庭（对照组）。本提案的设计改进并扩展了早期住房实验的设计，因为它(a)比较了在补贴住房接受者中搬到新社区与留在同一社区的影响，(b)比较了搬进混合收入与单独低收入建筑的影响，(c)检查了补贴住房对接近贫困家庭的影响（而不仅仅是低于贫困线的家庭）。(d)考察了补贴住房的影响，其中90%的家庭接受了补贴住房（而在“搬到机遇”中不到一半），(e)考察了补贴住房的影响，其中家庭可能会留在补贴住房中（在“搬到机遇”中，超过一半的人最终再次搬家，通常是回到贫困社区）。我们建议的数据收集策略将包括申请住房时的基线数据收集，使用由主要照顾者填写的自我管理问卷，并辅以从住房申请本身获得的信息。后续评估将包括与主要照顾者的面对面访谈，以及每个参与家庭最多两名共同住院儿童的详细信息。我们对儿童的后续信息将通过代理收集8岁以下儿童和亲自收集8至18岁儿童的信息。实验分析将用于量化转移到补贴住房的影响，并进行额外的探索性分析，以调查住房相对于社区的潜在好处，并评估接受特定类型补贴住房的不同影响的证据。家庭、住房和社区特征之间的关系将作为潜在结果以及个人水平健康结果的中介进行研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): From a public health perspective, moving to subsidized housing, to less poor neighborhoods, to housing developments with low rates of crime, or to more mixed income settings might reduce health disparities between children and families who have low income and those who do not. Children and young adolescents may be particularly influenced by housing given that they spend a large proportion of their time in their home neighborhood where the accessibility and quality of local amenities and institutions matter, and because they are influenced by their parents' responses to residential location. Receipt of in-place subsidized housing, the focus of our proposal, may help to improve the health and developmental trajectories of at-risk youth through multiple pathways. The proposed experimental research will utilize the NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development's lottery system to identify treatment and control households that fit our study criteria. Group assignment will include families with children who move to a subsidized apartment in one of eleven newly constructed housing sites (treatment) and matched families who do not receive housing (control). This proposal's design improves and expands upon the design of earlier housing experiments in that it (a) compares the impact of moving to a new neighborhood versus staying in the same neighborhood among recipients of subsidized housing, (b) compares the impact of moving into mixed-income versus solely low- income buildings, (c) examines the impact of subsidized housing on near-poor families (rather than just families below the poverty threshold), (d) examines the effect of subsidized housing where the uptake of the offer is 90% (rather than less than one-half in Moving to Opportunity), and (e) examines the effect of subsidized housing where the families are likely to stay in the subsidized housing (in Moving to Opportunity, over half of those who did move ended up moving again, typically back to poor neighborhoods). Our proposed data collection strategy will include baseline data collection at time of application for housing, using a self-administered questionnaire to be completed by the primary caregiver and augmented by information obtained from the housing application itself. Follow-up assessments will include in-person interviews with the primary caregiver and detailed information on up to two co-resident children for each participating household. Our follow-up information on children will be collected by proxy for children under age eight and in-person with children ages eight to eighteen. Experimental analyses will be used to quantify the impact of moving to subsidized housing and additional exploratory analyses will be conducted to investigate the potential benefits of housing relative to neighborhoods and assess evidence of differential impacts among those receiving particular types of subsidized housing. Relationships among household, housing, and neighborhood features will be examined as potential outcomes as well as mediators of individual-level health outcomes. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The health of children and adults is influenced by the environments in which they live. Experimental research has shown that moving to new housing in particular kinds of neighborhoods may improve the life chances of poor families; however, previous research confounded housing- and neighborhood mobility and did not investigate the benefits of mixed-income housing developments. Our randomized experiment will address these shortcomings will NYC children and families who apply for in-place subsidized housing allocated through a housing lottery and test whether receipt of such housing improves the health and well-being of children and caregivers.